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Advancements in nanoformulations for CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing can respond to specific triggers for controlled gene editing, showing promise in treating incurable diseases, but challenges like precision and system design complexity still need to be addressed.

The conclusion suggests that treatments targeting root causes of chronic diseases may be developed by focusing on gene expression and lifestyle factors.

Alopecia areata involves both innate and adaptive immunity, with specific genes linked to the disease.

miRNA-based therapies show promise for treating skin diseases, including hair loss, in animals.

Human skin acts like a hormone-producing organ, making and managing various hormones important for skin and hair health.

Glucocorticoids are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that must be used carefully to avoid serious side effects.

Innate immunity genes in hair follicle stem cells might have new roles beyond traditional immune functions.

Genetic variants linked to ten skin diseases were found, showing both immune and non-immune factors play a role.

Damage to hair follicle stem cells causes permanent hair loss and scarring in cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

Half of people with Alopecia Areata may see hair regrowth within a year without treatment, but recovery is unpredictable.

Tissue environment greatly affects the unique epigenetic makeup of regulatory T cells, which could impact autoimmune disease treatment.

Histone modification is key in treating chronic inflammatory skin diseases.

Scarred skin in lichen planopilaris loses immune cells due to a decrease in a specific protein in skin cells.

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating various skin diseases.

The skin produces and processes hormones, affecting both local and overall body functions.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is important for body functions and diseases, and targeting it may treat conditions like cancer, but with safety challenges.

Hormone replacement therapy may lower the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in non-immunosuppressed people and male organ transplant recipients.

Human dermal γδT-cells respond to stress in hair follicles, contributing to hair loss.

Blocking the protein CXCL12 with a specific antibody can increase hair growth in common hair loss conditions.

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition often starting before age 20, with varied treatment success and a need for personalized treatment plans.

Methylprednisolone helps skin cells stick together better in pemphigus vulgaris.

New research is helping develop better treatments for alopecia areata.

Lysophospholipids like LPA and S1P are important for hair growth, immune responses, and vascular development, and could be targeted for treating diseases.

ERβ has potential in treating prostate cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, but human studies are needed before clinical use.

No single treatment is consistently effective for alopecia areata, and more research is needed.

Topical vitamin D is effective in treating vitiligo with few side effects.

Oral lichen planus is a chronic disease causing mouth discomfort and sometimes needs immunosuppressive treatment.

T-regulatory cells are important for skin health and can affect hair growth and reduce skin inflammation.

TLR4 is important in aging-related diseases and could be a new treatment target.

Effective PCOS treatments require targeting specific signaling pathways.