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Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

FUE hair transplants offer minimal scarring and are good for short hairstyles but are time-consuming and can be costly.

New skin substitutes for treating severe burns and chronic wounds are being developed, but a permanent solution for deep wounds is not yet available commercially.

Women generally handle heart enlargement better than men, but it's riskier for them if it occurs; hormones like estrogen offer some protection.

Testosterone therapy and surgeries like mastectomy improve transgender men's lives and mental health with low risks and high satisfaction.

Calcium is important for stem cell function and maintenance, especially in blood and skin cells.

Blocking Wnt/β-catenin signaling with EGF receptor is necessary for proper hair growth.

Both tissue expansion and serial excision are effective for scar revision in the head and neck area.

Facial rejuvenation surgery makes people look younger, more attractive, successful, and healthy.

The document concludes that ongoing research using animal models is crucial for better understanding and treating Alopecia Areata.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and baldness, but may cause limited urinary improvement and sex-related side effects.

Diet changes can help reduce acne by limiting certain hormones.

Hair restoration surgery techniques have evolved, with focus on patient selection and realistic goals, and future advancements may include cloning and gene therapy.

Women have a higher risk of blood clots from hormonal factors and need careful treatment, especially during pregnancy.

Taking tamsulosin or finasteride and being older increase the risk of floppy iris during cataract surgery.

Stem cell differentiation is crucial for skin barrier maintenance and its disruption can lead to skin diseases.

The 2018 update to the ED care model added a new severity score and stressed a detailed evaluation of both physical and psychological aspects.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

PRP shows promise for improving facial wrinkles, skin elasticity, and hair growth, but more research is needed to standardize its use and understand its effects.

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome are more likely to have cervical insufficiency, especially South Asian and Black women.

Some medications for bladder problems can cause memory issues or mood changes, and doctors should monitor these side effects.

The study concludes that mutations in the AEBP1 gene can cause a form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and should be considered in diagnosis.

Scalp flaps are used for reconstruction, considering factors like inelasticity, hair growth, and blood supply, with techniques adapting to age-related changes in vascularity.

Pro-IGF-II improves muscle repair in old mice.

The document concludes that oral finasteride and topical minoxidil are effective for genetic hair loss, while other treatments for different types of hair loss show promise but need more research.

The document concludes that careful surgical methods and choosing the right materials are key for successful scalp, skull, and frontal sinus reconstruction.

Using buccal mucosa for hypospadias repair in children is effective and reduces complications.

Targeted cancer therapies can cause skin side effects, which should be treated early to help patients' quality of life and treatment adherence.

The document concludes that new methods improve the accuracy of diagnosing scalp alopecia and challenges the old way of classifying it.

Nutrients like vitamins, copper, zinc, and amino acids are crucial for healthy hair and wool growth.