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Researchers created a mouse with the same mutation as humans with trichothiodystrophy, showing similar symptoms and confirming the condition is due to defects in DNA repair and gene activity.

Mutations in the vitamin D receptor cause hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets, leading to poor bone health and requiring high calcium doses for treatment.

LED therapy can safely and effectively regrow eyebrows in people with frontal fibrosing alopecia.

Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have lower levels of a substance called DIAPH1 in their blood, which is linked to changes in sugar metabolism and insulin resistance.

Seaweeds contain beneficial compounds with potential uses in food, cosmetics, and health, but more research is needed to improve extraction and safety.

Cyanidin 3-O-arabinoside may help treat a common form of hair loss by protecting cells against aging and improving cell function.

Different types of cell death affect skin health and inflammation, and understanding them could improve treatments for skin diseases.

Using protein degradation to fight cancer drug resistance shows promise but needs more precise targeting and fewer side effects.

Menopause causes significant changes in the vaginal introitus, but less so in the labia majora, which may lead to symptoms of vaginal atrophy.

WWOX deficiency in mice causes skin and fat tissue problems due to disrupted cell survival signals.

Low selenium intake may delay puberty in boys but not in girls.

Androgen use may increase the risk of stroke, but more research is needed.

MG53 helps reduce skin damage caused by nitrogen mustard.

Stress may contribute to hair loss in alopecia areata by affecting immune responses and cell death in hair follicles.

Cobalt is important for health but too much or too little can cause health problems, and its environmental buildup is a concern.

Sugars from Sargassum and brown algae may have health benefits like fighting viruses and helping with wound healing, but there are challenges in using them.

Women with PCOS have thicker parafoveal areas in their retinas, but their macular blood vessel density is normal.

Early hormones shape sex-specific differences in rat glands.

Collagen makes skin stiff, and preservation methods greatly increase tissue stiffness.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors may help protect the brain and gut in Parkinson's disease.

Metabolites and diet affect hair growth cycles in cashmere goats.

Lack of sleep in mice leads to prostatitis by reducing certain hormones and activating an inflammatory pathway, which can be temporarily fixed with normal sleep.

The circadian clock plays a key role in hair growth and its disruption can affect hair regeneration.

Lipids from Schizochytrium sp. help prevent hair loss by protecting hair cells from damage and promoting hair growth.

The tumor suppressor gene FLCN affects mitochondrial function and energy use in cells.

Nagashima-type palmoplantar keratosis in Asians is caused by a SERPINB7 gene mutation.

Rapamycin treatment helps with mitochondrial disease by reducing PKC levels.

Rapamycin may help treat Leigh syndrome by targeting protein kinase C.

Early diagnosis and treatment of achalasia and hyperthyroidism improve patient outcomes.

The document concludes that hair is complex, with a detailed growth cycle, structure, and clinical importance, affecting various scientific and medical fields.