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A thorough history and examination are crucial for diagnosing skin diseases, which affect up to a third of people. This includes details about skin lesions, medication, general health, lifestyle, family, and contacts, as well as examining the rash, hair, nails, and mucous membranes. Changes in hair and nails can also indicate other medical and skin disorders.

Hair splitting and nail detachment are linked conditions.

Videodermoscopy can help diagnose and monitor nail bed psoriasis.

Skin changes like hair loss, white patches, and nail changes are common in children after bone marrow transplants, often linked to chronic rejection.

After chemotherapy for early breast cancer, 33.4% of patients had long-term significant hair loss, with some hair regrowth over time, but treatments for hair loss were largely ineffective.

Most vertebrates can regenerate skin, nails, and corneas, but only some can regenerate teeth and lenses.

Elderly in South India commonly suffer from skin issues like wrinkles, dryness, and infections, needing better skin care education.

There is no standard treatment for the rare Cronkhite–Canada syndrome, which can be fatal and lead to cancer.

Nail stem cells and Wnt signaling are important for fingertip regeneration but not sufficient for regenerating more complex limb structures.

Itraconazole was effective in treating unusual M. canis infections in only one of two HIV-infected men.

A man with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome had all 20 nails detach but improved with treatment.

Biotin and acetazolamide improved hair and nail growth, mental function, and reduced headaches in a child with autism.

Soy can improve skin, hair, and nails.

Selenium is essential for health, but too much or too little can cause problems; blood selenium levels are a good measure of intake.

JAK inhibitors are a promising new treatment for hair loss and nail problems in alopecia areata.

Nail problems are common in people with alopecia areata, often leading to cosmetic and functional issues, but more research is needed for treatment guidelines.

Most people with alopecia areata have nail changes, which are common but don't greatly affect their quality of life.

Alopecia areata has a high chance of persisting and relapsing, with a significant risk of total hair loss, especially if it starts in childhood.

Rabbits lacking the Hoxc13 gene show similar hair and skin issues to humans with ECTD-9, making them good for research on this condition.

Thyroid hormone affects skin health, with too little causing rough, pale skin and too much leading to smooth, thin skin, and may also impact wound healing and skin conditions.

Different nail disorders are treated by targeting their specific causes and using appropriate medications or protective measures.

Psoriasis skin changes are complex and might need several biopsies for a clear diagnosis.

AIRE-deficient rats developed severe autoimmune disease similar to APECED, useful for testing treatments.

Nearly all elderly nursing home residents had a skin disease, with dry skin being the most common.

Baricitinib was effective and safe for severe hair loss treatment over 6 months.

PDE inhibitors, especially PDE4 inhibitors like apremilast, are effective for certain inflammatory skin conditions but have side effects and can be costly.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia may affect nails and could be a type of lichen planus, treatable with certain medications.

A man with total hair loss also developed a rare nail condition, likely due to autoimmune issues.

Alopecia areata is unpredictable, with limited treatment effectiveness, especially in severe cases.

The study concluded that short vellus hair and yellow dots were the most common signs of alopecia areata, indicating disease activity and remission.