January 2020 in “International Journal of Applied Biology and P” This study found that finasteride treatment for androgenic alopecia significantly increased certain plasma polyamine levels over three years, but did not alter polyamine levels in urine.
305 citations
,
March 2008 in “AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism” This article reviews the regulation and roles of spermidine/spermine-N(1)-acetyltransferase (SSAT) in polyamine metabolism and its potential as a target in cancer and other diseases, without reporting new experimental results.
17 citations
,
May 2021 in “Journal of Cell Science” In this study, the researchers discovered that specific polyamine depletion enhances stemness in hair follicle stem cells through a mechanism independent of mRNA translation.
128 citations
,
December 2006 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” This study found that overexpression of the enzyme spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase in mice was associated with increased fat oxidation and a leaner phenotype, while knock-out mice exhibited increased fat accumulation.
3 citations
,
July 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” This study reported that polyamine levels, especially N-acetyl polyamines, were higher in the vertex region of the scalp than in the occipital region in patients with male and female pattern hair loss.
215 citations
,
March 2018 in “Archives of Toxicology” This study found that PM2.5 exposure induced oxidative stress in human keratinocytes and mouse skin, causing cellular damage, which was mitigated by the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine.
91 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” This study found that overexpression of the enzyme SSAT in a mouse model significantly reduced prostate tumor size and progression, suggesting it could be a promising strategy against prostate cancer.
17 citations
,
February 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that the PPAR-γ modulator N-acetyl-GED may enhance mitochondrial function in human hair follicles, particularly in outer root sheath keratinocytes.
124 citations
,
July 1997 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” This study found that overexpression of an enzyme in transgenic mice led to distorted polyamine levels, resulting in permanent hair loss and female infertility.
54 citations
,
May 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study suggests that increased putrescine levels may disrupt normal hair follicle development in transgenic mice, leading to hair loss and altered skin structure, yet these mice appear more resistant to skin tumorigenesis.
8 citations
,
October 2017 in “Dermatology practical & conceptual” This study found that a spermidine-based nutritional supplement increased the number of anagen phase hair follicles in healthy humans, suggesting potential benefits for hair loss conditions.
2 citations
,
January 1997 in “Principles of Medical Biology” This article reviews the role of enzymatic processes in drug and toxin metabolism, emphasizing their impact on solubility and elimination, without presenting new clinical findings.
30 citations
,
July 2010 in “Experimental Dermatology” This article reviews the role of polyamines in hair follicle growth and discusses potential therapeutic applications but provides no new clinical results.
May 2024 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” In this study, researchers reviewed the roles of autophagy and mitophagy in hair follicle cycles, exploring their potential links to hair loss and investigating how manipulating these pathways might offer new therapeutic strategies.
3 citations
,
June 2024 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” In this study, COC treatment led to greater improvements in sex hormone, endocrine factor, and metabolic levels among PCOS patients compared to those who did not receive the treatment.
November 2025 in “Communications Biology” The researchers reported creating a Human Hair Atlas that maps over 1200 molecular species in hair, revealing up to 50% variation in metabolite and lipid levels along the hair's length, and identified 122 exposome-related compounds from personal care products.
1 citations
,
March 2020 in “Functional foods in health and disease/Journal of functional foods in health & disease” This study found that OM-X® supplementation effectively prevented adverse biological changes caused by vitamin C deficiency in SMP30/GNL KO mice, improving energy maintenance, antioxidant capacity, and protein synthesis.
81 citations
,
January 2006 in “Journal of cellular physiology” This study found that the absence of the vitamin D receptor disrupts hair follicle structure during the first catagen in mice, linked to increased expression of the hairless gene.
22 citations
,
January 2018 in “Experimental Dermatology” This article reviews insights into the pathogenesis of primary cicatricial alopecias, such as lichen planopilaris, provided by emerging technologies, but it does not report new clinical results.
1 citations
,
September 2013 in “Elsevier eBooks” This review discusses factors affecting hair aging, such as inflammation and UV exposure, and examines potential anti-aging benefits of antioxidants and nutraceuticals for hair, but reports no new clinical results.
38 citations
,
June 2018 in “Archives of Toxicology” This review suggests that skin may largely protect itself from CYP-generated reactive metabolites due to higher conjugating enzyme activities, while highlighting limitations in modeling human skin metabolism experimentally.
3 citations
,
March 2021 in “Metabolites” This study identified distinct differences in metabolic pathways related to pattern baldness, with findings highlighting the androgen metabolic pathway in males and the estrogen plus arachidonic acid pathways in females using hair samples.
May 2026 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” This review discusses hair follicle organoids as emerging models for studying hair biology and disorders, emphasizing their promise for bridging basic research and clinical applications, but reports no new results.
58 citations
,
March 2013 in “Human Reproduction Update” This review discusses various substances that can impact male fertility and stresses that products should be confirmed 'sperm-safe' through rigorous testing, not assumptions; it reports no new study results.
8 citations
,
July 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells, 17β-estradiol repressed polyamine oxidase transcription by interacting with AP-1 sites on its promoter.
2 citations
,
October 2023 in “Animals” Lacto-fermentation changes amino acid profiles in bovine colostrum, but results are inconsistent.
255 citations
,
September 2016 in “Frontiers in plant science” This article reviews recent insights into the regulatory role of reactive oxygen species in plant development, highlighting that their mechanisms and signaling pathways remain partially understood.
31 citations
,
August 2021 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” This review examines the life cycle, biomarkers, and functions of hair follicle stem cells, emphasizing their role in hair loss therapy and other skin and hair disorders, but reports no new clinical results.
1 citations
,
January 2022 in “Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine” This review describes various in vitro and ex vivo hair follicle models used to study hair growth and regeneration and explores their potential for developing hair loss treatments, but it does not report new results.
5 citations
,
January 2024 in “Fermentation” This study found that fermenting porcine and equine placentas with a specific lactic acid bacterial strain enhanced the moisturizing abilities and cell proliferation properties compared to traditional placental extracts, suggesting their potential for cosmetic applications.