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Not having the gene PLAAT3 leads to fat loss, high insulin resistance, and abnormal fat levels in the blood due to a disruption in fat cell development and function.

Deep phenotyping helps distinguish between xeroderma pigmentosum and trichothiodystrophy, aiding in diagnosis and treatment.

Genetically repaired stem cells may treat certain genetic diseases, Th17 cells are key in fighting systemic fungal infections, hair loss in AGA is due to progenitor cell loss, and α-synuclein transfer might contribute to Parkinson's disease progression.

Genetic manipulations that extend lifespan in mice may not work as effectively in humans.

Removing the ATR gene in adult mice causes rapid aging and stem cell loss.

Fat-related cells are important for initiating hair growth.

Activating c-Myc in skin causes rapid cell growth and changes, but these effects are reversible.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

Keratin proteins are increasingly recognized as important for cell health and are linked to many diseases.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

Only a few hair-specific keratins are linked to inherited hair disorders.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Both estrogens and androgens are important for health in both males and females.

Frizzled receptors are essential for various body development processes and maintaining certain body functions.

Wnt signaling is crucial for skin development and hair growth.

Human mitochondrial DNA polymerase makes very few errors, crucial for preventing degenerative diseases.

5α‐reductase isozymes are crucial for prostate development and health, and targeting them can help prevent and treat prostate issues.

Melanocytes are crucial for skin pigmentation and can affect conditions like melanoma, vitiligo, and albinism, as well as hair color and hearing.

The document concludes that understanding the genes and pathways involved in hair growth is crucial for developing treatments for hair diseases.

Progeroid mouse models show signs of early aging similar to humans, helping us understand aging better.

Hairless protein can block vitamin D activation in skin cells.

The Hedgehog signaling pathway is important for skin and hair growth and can lead to cancer if it doesn't work right.

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising drugs for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.

The FOXN1 gene is crucial for developing immune cells and preventing immune disorders.

HOXC13 is essential for hair and nail development by regulating Foxn1.

Androgen receptors are key for development and health, affecting conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness.

Kennedy's disease leads to muscle weakness and sensory issues, has no cure but manageable symptoms, and future treatments look promising.

Anti-acne medications may work by reducing the activity of a protein involved in acne development.