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Cathepsin L is essential for normal hair growth and development.

The Sonic hedgehog pathway is crucial for new hair growth during mouse skin healing.

K_ATP channel gene mutations are linked to heart diseases, but more research is needed to understand the connection and treatment potential.

Lupus affects the body and skin, causing joint pain and skin issues that can be treated with steroids and antimalarial drugs.

Young adults have about 230,000 tactile nerve fibers, decreasing 5-8% per decade with age.

Facial feminization surgery is effective in helping transgender women appear more feminine and has high patient satisfaction.

Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.

Macrophages help heal nerves by aiding the maturation of Schwann cells and are important for nerve repair.

Mouse hair follicle cells briefly grow during the early hair growth phase, showing that these cells are important for starting the hair cycle.

Prolactin contributes to hair loss by promoting hair follicle shrinkage and cell death.

Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.

The telogen phase of hair growth is active and important for preparing hair follicles for regeneration, not just a resting stage.

Exposure to finasteride in the womb caused lasting reproductive issues in male rats.

Adult female acne treatment should be personalized, considering individual preferences and pregnancy, using various topical and oral medications while managing side effects and resistance.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.

C60 fullerenes can alter protein function and may help develop new disease inhibitors.

There are many treatments for permanent hair loss disorders, but their effectiveness varies and there's no clear best option.

A WNT10A gene mutation leads to ectodermal dysplasia by disrupting cell growth and differentiation.

Eating fewer calories, less sugar and refined carbs, and more low-glycemic and omega-3 rich foods can help manage PCOS symptoms.

Conditioned media from mesenchymal stem cell cultures could be a more effective alternative for regenerative therapies, but more research is needed.

Layer-by-Layer self-assembly is promising for biomedical uses like tissue engineering and cell therapy, but challenges remain in material safety and process optimization.

Skin changes can help diagnose and manage endocrine disorders like thyroid problems, diabetes, and adrenal gland conditions.

Gynecologists should provide comprehensive care for transgender patients, including mental health evaluation, hormone therapy, and surgical options, while monitoring for side effects and ensuring patient safety.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.

Feather growth and regeneration involve complex patterns, stem cells, and evolutionary insights.

The document concludes that hirsutism is the main sign for diagnosing hyperandrogenism, which requires a detailed patient history and physical exam.

Low-dose oral minoxidil and spironolactone combo effectively reduces hair loss and improves hair density in women.

Excessive selenium from a supplement caused toxicity but patients recovered with care.

Researchers created a fully functional, bioengineered skin system with hair from stem cells that successfully integrated when transplanted into mice.

Liver transplantation is a viable option for children with propionic acidemia, improving quality of life and diet, but does not remove all risks and long-term brain outcomes are uncertain.