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Glossary Ethanolamine

chemical compound used in hair dyes and shampoos for pH adjustment

Ethanolamine, also known as 2-Aminoethanol or Monoethanolamine (MEA), is a chemical compound that serves as both an amine and an alcohol. It is commonly used in the production of surfactants, emulsifiers, and detergents, and also plays a role in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. In the context of hair care, ethanolamine can be found in some hair dye formulations and shampoos, where it helps to adjust pH levels and improve the stability of the product.

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research Hydrogen peroxide and monoethanolamine are the key causative ingredients for hair dye-induced dermatitis and hair loss

34 citations , January 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

In this mouse study, researchers found that hydrogen peroxide and monoethanolamine in hair dyes may be key contributors to dermatitis and hair loss due to oxidative stress.

research Comparison of damage to human hair fibers caused by monoethanolamine- and ammonia-based hair colorants.

4 citations , May 2014 in “PubMed”

This study found that monoethanolamine-based hair color formulations caused significantly more damage to hair than ammonia-based formulations, especially at high concentrations.

research A clinical evaluation of a permanent hair dye designed to reduce allergic contact dermatitis and hair damage

9 citations , July 2022 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology”

In this study, an ammonia-free and PPD-free permanent hair dye was tested on 50 ethnically diverse females, showing no cases of contact dermatitis and significant improvements in hair shine, color, moisturization, porosity, and combability after two dyeing sessions.

research Novel amino acid‐based surfactant for silicone emulsification and its application in hair care products: a promising alternative to quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants

12 citations , July 2017 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

This study found that N‐AOHPA was particularly effective as a silicone emulsifier for improving the condition of damaged hair by preventing amino acid dissolution from bleached hair.

research Amino silicone polymers as hair softeners and conditioners : A comparison of amodimethicone and dimethicone copolyol amine

1 citations , January 1998 in “Cosmetics and toiletries”

Both amodimethicone and dimethicone copolyol amine are effective hair conditioners.

research Deposition of 18-MEA onto Damaged Hair to Form a Persistent Hydrophobicity

January 2011 in “Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan”

This study found that a conditioner containing 18-MEA and SPDA can improve hair's smoothness and reduce flyaways, enhancing hair manageability.

research Degradation of Hair Surface: Importance of 18-MEA and Epicuticle

25 citations , May 2019 in “Cosmetics”

This paper reviews the surface degradation of hair and describes how combining 18-MEA with specific surfactants can maintain hydrophobicity on bleached and weathered hair surfaces.

research Research on Hair Bleach that Causes Less Hair Damage and Smells Less Pungent than Ammonium Hydroxide

2 citations , June 2018 in “Cosmetics”

This study found that using an aqueous solution of AMPD in hair bleach reduced both hair damage and odor compared to ammonium hydroxide.

research Synthesis and Performance of Potassium Monoester Maleate: A Multifunctional Surfactant Towards Hair Repair

February 2026 in “Journal of Surfactants and Detergents”

In this study, researchers synthesized new surfactants with hair repair properties, finding that they effectively restored the hydrophobic barrier of damaged hair and improved combing ease compared to untreated hair, highlighting their potential in haircare products.

research Hair Cosmetics: Dyes

21 citations , October 2014 in “Actas dermo-sifiliográficas/Actas dermo-sifiliográficas”

This review discusses the role of hair dyes in cosmetic dermatology, their effects on hair and scalp health, and the importance of dermatologists understanding potential side effects; it reports no new findings.

research Permanent waving and hair straightening

20 citations , July 1988 in “Clinics in dermatology”

This article reviews the current practices and interpretations of research data on permanent waving and hair straightening, but does not present any new research findings.

Allergens of Permanent Hair Dyes Induce Epidermal Damage, Skin Barrier Loss, and IL-1 Alpha Increase in Epidermal In Vitro Model

research Allergens of permanent hair dyes induces epidermal damage, skin barrier loss and IL-1 α increase in epidermal in vitro model

12 citations , December 2017 in “Food and chemical toxicology”

This study found that mixtures used in permanent hair dyes had irritant effects on reconstructed human epidermis, while individual ingredients alone did not.

Analysis of Changes in MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Response to the Troxerutin-Mediated Antioxidant Effect in Human Dermal Papilla Cells

research Analysis of changes in microRNA expression profiles in response to the troxerutin-mediated antioxidant effect in human dermal papilla cells

12 citations , May 2015 in “Molecular Medicine Reports”

This study demonstrated that troxerutin may protect human dermal papilla cells from H2O2-induced damage and suggests potential in treating alopecia by inhibiting ROS-mediated cellular damage.

Effects of a New Mild Shampoo for Preventing Hair Loss in Asians Using a Simple Hand-Held Phototrichogram Technique

research Effects of a new mild shampoo for preventing hair loss in Asian by a simple hand-held phototrichogram technique

9 citations , June 2011 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

This study found that a commercially available shampoo significantly increased hair counts and reduced hair shedding in Korean subjects with alopecia over 16 weeks.

research Efficacy and safety of a new formulation kit (shampoo + lotion) containing anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant agents to treat hair loss

8 citations , March 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

This study found that a new formulation kit of Pielus Anti-hair loss lotion and shampoo, used daily for 90 days, was safe and effective in reducing hair loss and increasing hair strength and density among patients with telogen effluvium and/or androgenetic alopecia.

research Shampoo Formulation

7 citations , January 2007 in “Elsevier eBooks”

This article reviews the composition and functionality of shampoos, emphasizing the role of surfactants in cleaning and conditioning hair, and reports no new experimental results.

research Tribological Properties between Taut Hair Fibers in Wet Conditions: A New Shampoo Formulation for Eliminating Stick‐Slip Friction

4 citations , March 2021 in “Journal of Surfactants and Detergents”

This study found that hair treated with shampoo containing water-soluble silicone demonstrated smoother sliding and better detangling, compared to shampoo with water-insoluble silicone, due to differences in conditioning film formation.

research Smoker’s Mustache Revisited: Upper Lip Hair Yellow Discoloration Associated With Tobacco

3 citations , October 2021 in “Cureus”

This review discusses yellow hair discoloration associated with smoking and systemic conditions, proposing smoking cessation or hair removal as management options, but provides no new clinical results.

research Clinical Patterns of Hair Loss in Men

3 citations , May 2021 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

This article reviews potential therapeutic targets and comorbidities associated with male androgenetic alopecia, but reports no new clinical results; further study is needed for comprehensive management.

research Cosmetics

2 citations , January 2015 in “Elsevier eBooks”

The document says biodegradable cosmetics and packaging are better for the environment and user experience.

research THE CHEMISTRY MECHANISM OF HAIR DYES

1 citations , December 2022 in “Middle East Journal of Science”

This review covers hair dye formulations, their mechanisms, and potential applications, but reports no new findings; the authors highlight the process of oxidative dyeing and repairing damaged hair.

research Hair

1 citations , January 2016 in “Springer briefs in molecular science”

This overview discusses the anatomy and function of hair, emphasizing the need for natural hair cosmetics due to the harmful synthetic chemicals in many current products.

Evaluation Method of the Degree of Hair Damage: Measurement of Tensile Strength of Human Hair by the Multi-Point Tension Test Method

research Evaluation method of the degree of hair damage. (I). Measurement of tensile strength of human hair by "the multi-point tension test method".

1 citations , January 1987 in “Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan”

This study used a multi-point tension test method to evaluate hair damage over time and found it useful for assessing the effects of cosmetics and metal content on hair strength.

research From basic biology to engineered therapies: the keratinocyte stem cell playbook

February 2026 in “Frontiers in Medical Technology”

This review discusses current knowledge of keratinocyte stem cell dynamics, including their regenerative roles and potential applications beyond wound healing, but presents no new clinical findings.

research Innovative Nanomedicine Approaches for Psoriasis: Advancements, Challenges, and Future Directions

September 2025 in “Nano Biomedicine and Engineering”

This review summarizes recent advances in nanomedicine-based therapies for psoriasis, highlighting their potential to provide targeted and sustained therapeutic effects by modulating key cellular components and signaling pathways involved in the disease, offering novel perspectives for future treatment development.

research Comprehensive Administrative and Engineering Strategies for Radiation Protection and Occupational Health Safety

January 2025 in “Clinical and Medical Engineering Live”

This study discusses the potential health risks associated with occupational radiation exposure, including genetic mutations, cancers, and other diseases, and outlines strategies for prevention and occupational health safety.

Cosmetology Procedures in Selected Disease Units: A Textbook for Cosmetology and Medical Students

research Postępowanie kosmetologiczne w wybranych jednostkach chorobowych : podręcznik dla studentów kosmetologii oraz kierunków medycznych

July 2024

Personalized care and evidence-based treatments are crucial for managing skin and hair conditions.

research Hair Product Allergy: A Review of Epidemiology and Management

April 2024 in “Curēus”

In their review, the authors discussed the increasing issue of allergies to hair products, highlighting common allergens such as hair dyes and topical minoxidil, and outlined diagnostic methods and alternatives for those affected, particularly addressing higher risks among hairdressers due to professional exposure.

research An Investigation of Hair and its Keratin Associated Proteins using Advanced Light Microscopy

January 2019 in “Durham e-Theses (Durham University)”

This study utilized advanced imaging techniques to quantify hair damage and dye uptake dynamics, revealing that compound penetration in hair is influenced by molecule size and lipophilicity.

research Cosmetic Approach for Healthy and Damaged Hair

January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology”

This chapter reviews hair anatomy, hair shaft structure, and various cosmetic treatments that can alter or damage hair, but it presents no new research findings.