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March 1999 in “Developmental biology” The research shows that a gene called Wnt3 affects hair growth and structure, causing short hair and balding when overactive.
258 citations,
July 2016 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.
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March 1994 in “Developmental dynamics” Apoptosis is essential for human skin development and forming a functional epidermis.
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January 2018 in “Bone Research” TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.
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March 2012 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Dermatoscopy is useful for identifying different hair and scalp conditions and can reduce the need for biopsies.
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September 2016 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Dermoscopy is a useful tool for identifying features of skin conditions, but more research is needed to define its role in dermatology.
232 citations,
December 2005 in “Andrology” PCOS is caused by both genetics and environmental factors like diet and obesity.
232 citations,
June 1975 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Cyproterone acetate is effective for acne but less so for hirsutism and alopecia, with some side effects and quick menstrual cycle recovery after treatment.
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August 2002 in “Experimental Gerontology” AGA causes hair loss by shrinking hair follicles due to DHT binding, and can be treated with finasteride and minoxidil.
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September 2018 in “Rheumatology” JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.
220 citations,
August 1988 in “Clinical endocrinology” Melatonin may help with sleep issues, depression, and cancer, but more research is needed.
219 citations,
March 2004 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” 5% and 2% minoxidil solutions effectively promote hair growth and reduce hair loss, with 5% being slightly more effective but having more side effects.
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October 2013 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Mice lacking the PPARγ gene in their fat cells had almost no fat tissue, severe metabolic problems, and abnormal development of other fat-related tissues.
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April 2012 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Guidelines suggest various treatments for alopecia areata, but leaving it untreated is also an option as 80% cases may recover on their own.
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March 2011 in “Clinical Cancer Research” Sorafenib is effective in treating Desmoid Tumor/Deep Fibromatosis.
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June 2017 in “Rheumatology” The guidelines suggest a detailed approach to diagnosing and treating lupus, with a focus on regular check-ups, personalized medicine, and a range of drug options for different cases.
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September 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The document provides a method to classify human hair growth stages using a model with human scalp on mice, aiming to standardize hair research.
212 citations,
May 2012 in “Genes & Development” Planarian regeneration begins with a specific gene activation caused by injury, essential for healing and tissue regrowth.
211 citations,
November 2018 in “Nature Cell Biology” Stem cells help heal skin wounds by moving and changing roles, working with other cells, and needing more research on their activation and behavior.
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April 2013 in “Development” More dermal papilla cells in hair follicles lead to larger, healthier hair, while fewer cells cause hair thinning and loss.
The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.
211 citations,
February 2009 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Hair follicles help absorb and store topical compounds, aiding targeted drug delivery.
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September 2008 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Androgens can both increase and decrease hair growth in different parts of the body.
207 citations,
April 2006 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Iron deficiency may be related to hair loss, but there's not enough evidence to recommend iron screening or supplements for all hair loss patients.
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July 2009 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.
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October 1999 in “EMBO journal” Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.
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August 2017 in “Nature cell biology” Lactate production is important for activating hair growth stem cells.
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August 2007 in “Biomaterials” Artificial skin development has challenges, but new materials and understanding cell behavior could improve tissue repair. Also, certain growth factors and hydrogel technology show promise for advanced skin replacement therapies.
200 citations,
October 2009 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.
199 citations,
April 2010 in “Nature” A gene called APCDD1, which controls hair growth, is found to be faulty in a type of hair loss called hereditary hypotrichosis simplex.