April 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This paper proposes that gut dysbiosis plays a crucial role in Post-Finasteride Syndrome by possibly contributing to both androgenic and non-androgenic symptoms, and may explain fluctuating symptom cycles better than static genetic explanations.
March 2026 in “International Journal of Dermatology” In this study, researchers observed that patients with androgenetic alopecia show differences in scalp microbial communities compared to the general population, including an increase in Cutibacterium acnes, particularly in males, which may interact with lipid and immune pathways to contribute to hair follicle miniaturization.
August 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that tight junctions extend to the most superficial layer of the stratum granulosum in human skin, challenging previous claims of their limited presence in the epidermis.
February 2018 in “Trends in Immunology” This study demonstrated that antigens from the skin bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis can stimulate CD8+ T cells, which in turn enhance wound healing.
21 citations
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July 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that hair luster decreases with age in Japanese females, primarily due to an irregular increase in fiber curvature which affects hair alignment.
January 2012 in “Hacettepe University Institutional Repository (hacettepe.edu.tr)” This study found that using a contrast agent in Microbeam Radiation Therapy simulations increased the target dose but concluded that using a linear accelerator as an X-ray source did not preserve MRT advantages.
36 citations
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June 2019 in “eLife” This study introduces MicrobeFDT, a tool that clusters chemically similar compounds and links them to gut microbial enzymes and toxicities, demonstrating its utility by uncovering previously unknown metabolism of the cancer drug altretamine.
9 citations
,
April 2023 in “Frontiers in immunology” This review discusses the current and emerging methods for profiling skin microbes to advance our understanding of the microbiome in skin disease, but it reports no new clinical findings.
18 citations
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September 2023 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review examines the role of skin microbes in enhancing the skin barrier and their involvement in skin diseases like atopic dermatitis, while also discussing current and future therapeutic strategies targeting the skin microbiome.
134 citations
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January 2019 in “American journal of clinical dermatology” This review summarizes recent research on the skin microbiome's role in acne development and how antibiotic treatments affect skin microbes, but it reports no new clinical results.
49 citations
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October 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” In this review, the authors highlighted the potential of natural polysaccharides from plants, animals, and microbes to modulate immune responses, reduce inflammation, and strengthen the intestinal barrier, suggesting their promising role as immunomodulatory agents in pharmaceutical applications.
23 citations
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December 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review discusses the significance of IL-1 family cytokines in skin inflammation and pathology, emphasizing their interactions with microbes and potential therapeutic applications, but reports no new clinical results.
19 citations
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December 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” In this study, researchers found that the human hair follicle microbiota vary by anatomical compartment and donor age, with specific microbes like S. epidermidis potentially influencing hair follicle functions, which suggests new avenues for therapeutic targeting.
July 2026 in “International journal of research in pharmacy and life sciences.” This study formulated and evaluated a polyherbal anti-dandruff shampoo, demonstrating it had good cleansing properties, antimicrobial activity against dandruff-causing microbes, and remained physically stable, potentially offering a safe and effective herbal alternative for dandruff management.
July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study developed a water-based herbal hair serum gel containing hibiscus, amla, green tea, and linseed gel, and found that it was stable, effective against microbes, and could be a cost-effective alternative to synthetic hair care products without causing a greasy appearance or scalp irritation.
April 2026 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This study found that androgenetic alopecia involves fungal dysbiosis, with significant depletion of the commensal yeast Malassezia and enrichment of opportunistic microbes, affected by host factors and geography.
September 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that Hashimoto's thyroiditis and alopecia areata show distinct gut microbial patterns, with specific microbes like Bacteroides fragilis and Microbacterium sp. T32 potentially linked to autoimmune activity.
This study explored fermented rice water as a natural source of probiotics, finding that it contains beneficial microbes that may balance scalp microbiota, reduce dandruff, and support hair follicle health, offering a safe alternative to chemical treatments.
October 2025 in “International Journal of Women’s Dermatology” In a cross-sectional analysis of 58 hair growth cosmeceuticals marketed for women or unisex use, this study found that ingredients with potential environmental hazards, particularly phenoxyethanol and synthetic fragrances, are commonly present, while substances like sodium lauryl sulfate, parabens, and microbeads were not detected.
June 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” In this study, researchers developed and tested an herbal antidandruff shampoo using plant extracts like neem, fenugreek seed, aloe vera, and clove, demonstrating antibacterial and antifungal activity against common scalp microbes and offering a potential natural alternative for dandruff treatment.
47 citations
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March 2022 in “Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology” This review discusses the role of the skin microbiome in the pathogenesis of various skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, and reports no new clinical findings; it emphasizes potential therapeutic implications.
August 2023 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study observed unexpected heterogeneity among pigment cells in human scalp hair follicles, identifying immature melanocyte populations outside traditional pigment production zones, raising questions about their potential roles beyond melanin synthesis.
105 citations
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January 2010 in “Mediators of Inflammation” This article reviews the role of skin surface lipid in mediating environmental stressors and discusses potential therapeutic interventions, reporting no new experimental findings.
2 citations
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November 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This review highlights that the skin microbiota plays a crucial role in wound healing, with beneficial microorganisms aiding tissue repair and opportunistic pathogens hindering it, potentially guiding future microbiome-targeted therapies.
2 citations
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October 2025 in “ACS Infectious Diseases” This review highlights how disruptions in the host microbiome can worsen inflammation and infection-related pathology, while it remains unclear exactly how the microbiome helps resolve such inflammation, potentially impacting future treatments for infection-induced inflammatory diseases.
June 2026 in “BMC Microbiology” In this study, researchers demonstrated that using cyanoacrylate glue effectively reduces microbial contamination in biopsy samples from the skin surface of wild roe deer, offering valuable insights for human hair follicle microbiome research despite the nonhuman model.
January 2026 in “Methods in molecular biology” This paper discusses methods for distinguishing viable microbial communities in hair follicle dysbiosis studies and reports no new clinical results, suggesting potential improvements in sample analysis.
April 2012 in “Lab Animal” Early exposure to germs may protect against autoimmune diseases, lack of sex increases alcohol preference in fruit flies, a potential baldness treatment could involve blocking a specific receptor, skin memory cells help prevent re-infection, high-fat diets can affect brain cells related to weight, and the link between social status, stress, and heart disease in primates is unclear.
343 citations
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March 2016 in “Nature Communications” This study found that IL-17A-producing γδ T cells play a key role in bone fracture healing by promoting bone formation, with deficiencies leading to impaired repair in mice.
57 citations
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March 2019 in “Immunity” This review discusses the roles of immune responses and cells in skin health and disease, emphasizing recent insights into their mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications, but presents no new experimental results.