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The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Finasteride effectively treats BPH, but needs more trials to understand potential.

PrEP for HIV is less effective in transgender women mainly due to low adherence to the treatment.

Hair color production in mice is closely linked to the hair growth phase and may also influence hair growth itself.

Androgens can both increase and decrease hair growth in different parts of the body.

PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.

Antiandrogens like flutamide are effective in treating conditions like prostate cancer and hair loss, but there's a need for more potent versions. Understanding their structure can help develop better treatments.

Lactate production is important for activating hair growth stem cells.

Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.

High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Fungi-produced compounds can change plant root growth.

Different animals have unique versions of the enzyme that changes testosterone into another hormone, which is important for creating effective treatments for prostate and hair loss conditions.

Minoxidil boosts growth factor in hair cells, potentially promoting hair growth.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

Shorter CAG repeats may cause hair and skin issues, while longer ones may link to acne.

Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.

Finasteride for hair loss can cause long-lasting sexual side effects like low libido and erectile dysfunction.

Biotinidase deficiency has various symptoms and can be treated with biotin supplements.

Opioid painkillers can cause many side effects, including breathing problems and addiction, but are generally considered safe when used properly.

The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

Epirubicin is as effective as doxorubicin for cancer treatment with less heart damage, but doesn't work on doxorubicin-resistant cancers.

Myrtle has various health benefits and potential for medicine development.

Male hormones, particularly DHT, are linked to male pattern hair loss, and treatments like finasteride can help, but they don't work for postmenopausal women's hair loss, which may have different causes.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Omeprazole effectively treats severe acid reflux in children for short-term use, but long-term safety needs more research.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Methotrexate treats various disorders by inhibiting DNA synthesis, but careful monitoring is needed to avoid toxicity and manage side effects.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.