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Glossary Mechanotransduction

process where cells turn mechanical forces into biochemical signals

Mechanotransduction is the process by which cells convert mechanical stimuli from their environment into biochemical signals. This is crucial for various physiological functions, including how hair follicles respond to physical forces, which can influence hair growth and health.

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research From basic biology to engineered therapies: the keratinocyte stem cell playbook

February 2026 in “Frontiers in Medical Technology”

This review discusses current knowledge of keratinocyte stem cell dynamics, including their regenerative roles and potential applications beyond wound healing, but presents no new clinical findings.

research Three-dimensional reconstructions of mechanosensory end organs suggest a unifying mechanism underlying dynamic, light touch

5 citations , March 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

This study found that Piezo2 channels are primarily located on sensory axon membranes in mechanosensory end organs, supporting a model where mechanical stimuli activate Aβ RA-LTMR neurons via axon protrusions.

research Langerin+ Dendritic Cells in Cutaneous Fibrosis: The TGF-β1 Signaling Axis

October 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology”

This study synthesizes knowledge of how dendritic cell signals, epithelial integrins, and fibroblast activity converge on TGF-β1 to maintain or disrupt skin healing, contrasting normal and fibrotic scar formation and suggesting possible integrin and immune-targeted treatments for skin fibrosis.

research Single Root hair growth under constant force: insights into wall mechanics

October 2025 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

This study experimentally validated Lockhart's viscoplastic framework for tip growth in Arabidopsis root hairs by demonstrating alignment with observed growth rates and estimating yield turgor pressure and cell wall viscosity, offering a methodology adaptable to other species and conditions.

research Biomaterials Mimicking Mechanobiology: A Specific Design for a Specific Biological Application

8 citations , September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This review discusses how polymers can be customized to develop biomaterials that mimic the extracellular matrix, exploring their potential in biomedical and biotechnological applications by triggering cell functions similar to natural physiological systems.

Gamma Delta 17 T Cell-Stromal Networks Modulate Matrix Composition and Vascularity in Foreign Body Response

research γδ17 T cell-stromal networks modulate matrix composition and vascularity in foreign body response

1 citations , April 2026

This study found that γδ T cells play a role in regulating stromal behavior, influencing the composition and vascularity of fibrotic tissues during the foreign body response.

research Evidence for multiple, developmentally regulated isoforms of Ptprq on hair cells of the inner ear

11 citations , August 2010 in “Developmental neurobiology”

This study suggests that Ptprq in the hair bundles may exist as multiple isoforms that are differentially expressed throughout development and affect the organization of stereocilia in the chick inner ear.

research From a stem-cell–centered to a niche-centered view: the core role of collagen networks in hair loss and hair follicle miniaturization

May 2026 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology”

In this study, researchers suggest that hair follicle miniaturization in conditions like androgenetic alopecia may result from impaired conversion of quiescent stem cells to progenitor cells, influenced by the follicular niche, its collagen network, and various mechanical constraints.

research Surface-induced mechano-regulation of macrophages: emerging strategies for immunotherapy

May 2026 in “Med-X”

This review highlights that surface mechanical regulation can program macrophage behavior through specific mechanical cues on material surfaces, potentially advancing immunotherapies and regenerative medicine by enabling precise control over macrophage functions.

Hair Bundle Defects and Loss of Function in the Vestibular End Organs of Mice Lacking the Receptor-Like Inositol Lipid Phosphatase PTPRQ

research Hair Bundle Defects and Loss of Function in the Vestibular End Organs of Mice Lacking the Receptor-Like Inositol Lipid Phosphatase PTPRQ

44 citations , February 2012 in “The journal of neuroscience/The Journal of neuroscience”

This study observed that Ptprq mutant mice exhibit significant abnormalities in hair bundle structure and vestibular dysfunction, suggesting similar issues may contribute to hearing loss and vestibular problems in humans with PTPRQ mutations.

research Functional Skin Grafts: Where Biomaterials Meet Stem Cells

43 citations , July 2019 in “Stem Cells International”

This review discusses advances and challenges in skin tissue engineering, focusing on developing 3D constructs for functional skin substitutes, and reports no new clinical results.

research Hair cell toxicology: With the help of a little fish

4 citations , December 2022 in “Frontiers in cell and developmental biology”

This review discusses the use of zebrafish larvae as an alternative model for studying ototoxicity, facilitating large-scale screening for otoprotective compounds, but reports no new clinical results.

research Skin aging: mechanisms, evaluation, and rejuvenation

May 2026 in “The EMBO Journal”

This study explores the complex mechanisms of skin aging, including cellular senescence and disrupted communication, and highlights rejuvenation strategies like gene expression rewiring and microbiome modulation, offering potential frameworks for regenerative therapies and precise interventions in skin and systemic aging.

research Hair cell loss – cause or consequence of hearing loss?

April 2026 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology”

This literature review suggests that hair cell loss in hearing loss is often secondary to preceding morphological and functional defects in hair cells, indicating that interventions should focus on hearing preservation before significant hair cell loss occurs.

research Predictive design framework for electrospun pectin nanofibers in biomedical applications

January 2026 in “The Eurasian Journal of Life Sciences”

This review discusses recent advances in the development of electrospun pectin nanofibers for biomedical applications, highlighting strategies to improve their mechanical properties and biological functions and addressing challenges like material variability and regulatory issues.

A Systematic Scoping Review and Conceptual Analysis of New-Onset Fibromyalgia Manifestations After Non-Hospitalized COVID-19: Empirics, Definitions, Methodologies, Pathophysiology, Mapping of Literature, and Knowledge Gaps

research A Systematic Scoping Review and Conceptual Analysis of New-Onset Fibromyalgia Manifestations After Non-Hospitalized COVID-19: Empirics, Definitions, Methodologies, Pathophysiology, Mapping of Literature, and Knowledge Gaps

October 2025

This review reports that empirical evidence suggests an overlap between Long Covid, chronic fatigue syndrome, and fibromyalgia, highlighting the need for standardized definitions and rigorous methodologies in related research.

research The senescence-like activity of BMS-470539 is associated with anti-fibrotic actions in models of dermal fibrosis

September 2025 in “Arthritis Research & Therapy”

In this study, researchers found that the compound BMS-470539 induced a senescence-like state in fibroblasts from systemic sclerosis patients, reducing fibrosis-associated markers in vitro and decreasing skin thickness in a mouse model of skin fibrosis, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for managing fibroblast-driven diseases.

research Furnishing Wound Repair by the Subcutaneous Fascia

40 citations , August 2021 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This review discusses the role of fascial mobilization in wound healing and its potential implications for treating chronic skin wounds and scarring, but reports no new clinical results.

research Targeting integrin pathways: mechanisms and advances in therapy

54 citations , January 2023 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy”

This review examines integrins as pharmacological targets, discussing current integrin-based therapies and emphasizing the need to understand integrin mechanisms for successful drug development, without reporting new clinical results.

research Two- and Three-Dimensional Culture of Keratinocyte Stem and Precursor Cells Derived from Primary Murine Epidermal Cultures

28 citations , September 2011 in “Stem Cell Reviews and Reports”

research Exogeneous metal ions as therapeutic agents in cardiovascular disease and their delivery strategies

24 citations , November 2023 in “Regenerative Biomaterials”

In this review, the authors summarized the potential therapeutic effects of metal ions in treating cardiovascular diseases, highlighting their roles in protecting cells, inducing angiogenesis, and adjusting ion channel functions, as well as discussing delivery strategies involving biomaterials.

research Protein degradation: expanding the toolbox to restrain cancer drug resistance

7 citations , January 2023 in “Journal of Hematology & Oncology”

This review discusses how targeting protein degradation processes may help overcome cancer drug resistance, but reports no new clinical results and suggests further research for precise therapeutic strategies.

research Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Wound Repair: From Biology to Therapeutic Innovation

5 citations , November 2025 in “Cells”

This review summarizes the roles of various cells and signaling pathways in skin wound healing, highlights deviations leading to pathological outcomes like chronic wounds, and evaluates cutting-edge approaches such as biomaterials and precision medicine to improve healing and intervention strategies.

research Advanced 3D/4D Bioprinting of Flexible Conductive Materials for Regenerative Medicine: From Bioinspired Design to Intelligent Regeneration

4 citations , January 2026 in “Micro”

This review introduces a framework to integrate bioinspired conductive materials and advanced 3D/4D printing in regenerative medicine for dynamic, responsive tissue regeneration, emphasizing the potential of smart scaffolds to adapt to physiological cues.

research Autonomous In Situ Biointerfacing Platform for Real-Time Electrophysiological Monitoring and Advanced Wound Management

1 citations , February 2026 in “ACS Nano”

This study developed the TLMG hydrogel, a seamless in situ biointerface platform, demonstrating robust adhesion, high conductivity, and therapeutic effects for intelligent wound management in complex animal models and human tests, indicating its promise for integrated bioelectronic medicine.

research Exploring the Complexities of TGF-beta Signaling in Keloids: Beyond the Classical Smad Pathway

April 2026 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This study reviews evidence that in keloid development, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) drives fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis not only through the classical Smad-dependent pathway but also via equally important Smad-independent signaling cascades, suggesting these pathways as possible targets for more effective keloid therapies.

research An mTurq2-Col4a1 mouse model allows for live visualization of mammalian basement membrane development

December 2023 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology”

This study developed the mTurquoise2-Col4a1 mouse model and used fluorescent tagging of collagen IV to offer new insights into basement membrane dynamics during hair follicle budding, revealing that basement membranes are flexible and stable structures in developing skin tissue.

research Bioactive Nutritional Macromolecules Supporting Hair Structure, Density, and Growth: A Comprehensive Review

March 2026 in “Cosmetics”

In this comprehensive review, researchers reported that macromolecules like type I collagen, keratin, and ceramides enhance hair health by improving follicular function and increasing hair density, strength, shine, and resilience, as shown in various in vitro, animal, and human studies.

research A Systematic Scoping Review and Conceptual Analysis of New-Onset Fibromyalgia Manifestations After Non-Hospitalized COVID-19: Empirics, Definitions, Methodologies, Pathophysiology, Mapping of Literature, and Knowledge Gaps

November 2025 in “Preprints.org”

This scoping review reports that while empirical evidence suggests an overlap between Long/Post Covid-19 syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, and fibromyalgia, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear, highlighting the need for standardized definitions and rigorous methodologies in Long Covid research.

research In vitro strategies for mimicking dynamic cell–ECM reciprocity in 3D culture models

June 2023 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology”

This review describes bioengineering strategies to mimic the natural cell microenvironment in vitro, emphasizing the novel approach of using cell-synthesized extracellular matrix as a scaffold for engineering functional 3D tissues, while highlighting the limitations of exogenous scaffolds in tissue engineering.