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Vitiligo is a skin condition causing white spots, more common in women, often starts before age 20, and can affect mental health.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

Fat-related cells are important for initiating hair growth.

Proteasome inhibitors are promising treatments for various cancers, autoimmune diseases, and other conditions.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.

Turning white fat into brown-like fat could help fight obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Coumarin derivatives show promise as anti-estrogenic agents for treating breast cancer, with some in clinical trials.

The hypothesis suggests that PCOS may start early in life due to genetic and environmental factors, influencing future reproductive and metabolic problems.

Testosterone therapy increases bone density in older men with low testosterone levels.

People with hair loss have more androgen receptors and enzymes in certain follicles, with men and women showing different patterns.

Polycystic ovary syndrome costs the U.S. over $4 billion a year, mainly from treating related health issues.

Some wound-healing cells can turn into fat cells around new hair growth in mice.

Understanding phenotypic plasticity is crucial for developing effective cancer therapies.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Minoxidil boosts hair growth by opening potassium channels and increasing cell activity.

Testosterone is important for men's sexual function, may help some women's sexual desire, while other hormones and neurotransmitters also play complex roles in sexual behavior.

Half of people with Alopecia Areata may see hair regrowth within a year without treatment, but recovery is unpredictable.

β-catenin is essential for stem cell activation and proliferation in hair follicles.

DNA profiling in forensics has improved, but predicting physical traits and ancestry from DNA has limitations and requires ethical consideration.

Experts recommend using evidence-based methods to diagnose and treat hirsutism, focusing on symptoms and underlying causes.

Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.

The bulletin provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing PCOS, suggesting weight loss, hormonal contraceptives, and diabetes screening, with clomiphene for infertility and various treatments for excess hair.

Childhood obesity is rising globally due to various factors, and early prevention and healthy lifestyle changes are crucial.

Itraconazole is potentially effective for treating invasive aspergillosis, but more research is needed.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.

Platelet-rich plasma shows promise for skin and hair treatments but needs more research and standardization.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Most patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia are postmenopausal women, and treatments like finasteride and dutasteride can improve or stabilize the condition.