418 citations,
June 2003 in “Endocrine Reviews” While PCOS might increase the risk of heart disease, there's not strong evidence to prove it causes earlier heart problems.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
989 citations,
August 2007 in “The Lancet” PCOS is a complex condition with major health impacts, needing more research for better diagnosis and treatment.
32 citations,
September 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.
2 citations,
September 2022 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” The transgender community in India has specific skin care needs and struggles to access dermatological services due to discrimination and financial issues.
September 2023 in “Fides et Ratio” The safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming treatments for children are uncertain, with potential long-term risks like infertility.
253 citations,
March 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.
57 citations,
December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.
15 citations,
December 2013 Men with more vanadium in their blood and who drink less soy milk are more likely to have hair loss.
116 citations,
December 2013 in “The Journal of Pediatrics” Most youth with gender dysphoria received hormones, had minor complications, and showed a decrease in suicide attempts after treatment.
18 citations,
January 2001 in “Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry” Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are drugs that can control the effects of androgens in different tissues, potentially having fewer side effects and promising for treating various conditions.
9 citations,
July 2009 in “Journal Of Endocrinology, Metabolism And Diabetes Of South Africa” The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms and reducing long-term metabolic risks, with lifestyle changes being important.
5 citations,
March 2019 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” The document concludes that gender-affirming treatments are essential for transgender individuals and outlines safe hormone therapy practices.
40 citations,
January 2010 in “Annales D Endocrinologie” The French Endocrine Society suggests diagnosing PCOS with two of three signs, recommends lifestyle changes and clomiphene for treatment, and calls for more research on certain treatments and tests.
23 citations,
March 2019 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open” BMI is not a significant predictor of complications after gender-affirming penile inversion vaginoplasty.
57 citations,
January 2004 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Baldness caused by male hormones in female-to-male transsexuals doesn't increase the risk of heart disease.
105 citations,
June 2010 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone undecanoate increases lean mass and causes various physical changes in female-to-male transsexuals.
110 citations,
September 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hair loss linked to higher heart disease risk in both men and women.
16 citations,
April 2007 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Prostate-specific antigen may be a new marker for excess male hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
16 citations,
January 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Antiandrogen drugs can reduce PSA levels in women with excess hair, suggesting PSA is a sign of male hormone activity in women.
37 citations,
January 2010 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” People with early onset baldness have higher bad cholesterol and lower good cholesterol, increasing their heart disease risk.
21 citations,
December 2012 in “Maturitas” Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.
166 citations,
March 2007 in “Hypertension” High androgen levels in young women with PCOS are linked to higher blood pressure.
50 citations,
November 2010 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery” Botox increased hair count in men with baldness and might work by improving scalp blood flow.
13 citations,
June 2015 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Non-obese women with hair loss have higher heart disease risk.
45 citations,
November 2009 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Women with early hair loss have higher blood pressure and aldosterone; screening and treatment may help.
8 citations,
June 2016 in “Clinical Chemistry” PSA levels could help detect illegal steroid use in female athletes but face challenges like cost and PCOS prevalence.
1 citations,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Androgen therapy might help some women with low libido, but it has risks and should be used carefully.
55 citations,
May 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Androgens are important for female fertility and could help in IVF treatment, but also play a role in causing PCOS.
99 citations,
August 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” Too much male hormone is the main cause of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.