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New signs like changes in blood markers, physical symptoms, and behavioral shifts may help detect hidden steroid use in athletes.

Using finasteride or dutasteride does not increase the risk of male breast cancer.

Antiandrogens and androgen inhibitors like spironolactone, finasteride, and dutasteride can treat hair loss and skin conditions, but they have risks and side effects, including potential harm to pregnant women and risks of cancer and heart issues. Herbal remedies also have antiandrogenic effects but lack safety validation.

The enzyme type 1 5α-reductase is more active in the hair follicle's lower part than in the skin's outer layer.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.

Medicines for enlarged prostate may raise the risk of breast growth and tenderness but not breast cancer.

New treatments for low male hormones improved sexual function and mood but had unclear risks, especially for older men.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors may have additional effects on cancer, mental health, heart health, and hormone levels beyond treating prostate enlargement.

Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.

The conclusion is that formalizing how past decisions influence current health technology assessments could improve the credibility and defense of coverage decisions.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), a protein-rich extract from a patient's blood, shows promise in improving hair density, thickness, and quality, but the best method of use and number of treatments needed for noticeable results are still unclear.

Certain drugs, especially antiandrogens and spironolactone, significantly increase the risk of gynecomastia.

Proteins from stem cells improved hair growth in patients with hair loss.

Transdermal testosterone can improve sexual desire in postmenopausal women but lacks long-term safety data and is not FDA-approved for this use.

Some patients taking finasteride or dutasteride may have ongoing sexual problems and depression even after stopping the medication.

Equisetum debile extracts may help with skin whitening, anti-wrinkle, and anti-hair loss treatments.

Dutasteride works better than finasteride for hair loss, with both being safe to use.

Finasteride shows promise for female hair loss, but more research needed.

Longer GGN repeats in the androgen receptor gene are linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) has potential benefits in plastic surgery, especially for skin grafts, wound healing, hair loss, mild Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, and TMJ disorders, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

Non-hormonal treatments should be used first for sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal breast cancer patients on aromatase inhibitors, with hormones as a second option.

Finasteride reduces Hidradenitis Suppurativa flare-ups in children and teens, but long-term safety is unknown.

Caffeine improves hair growth, thickness, and reduces shedding.

The ShorT method can detect and help reduce bias in medical AI by identifying shortcut learning.

The safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming treatments for children are uncertain, with potential long-term risks like infertility.

New therapies are being developed that target integrin pathways to treat various diseases.

Different species and human skin models vary in their skin enzyme activities, with pig skin and some models closely matching human skin, useful for safety assessments and understanding the skin's protective roles.

Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.

Early hair loss may increase the risk of prostate cancer, especially in African American men and those with frontal baldness.