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The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

Epirubicin is as effective as doxorubicin for cancer treatment with less heart damage, but doesn't work on doxorubicin-resistant cancers.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

RNAi-based biopesticides could be safe and effective for pest control with careful development and risk assessment.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

TGF-β signaling is crucial for stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and has implications for cancer treatment.

The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Rhodococcus equi causes severe pneumonia in young foals, and effective vaccines are needed due to foals' weak immune responses.

Macrophages help regrow hair by activating stem cells using AKT/β-catenin and TNF.

Adult female acne treatment should be personalized, considering individual preferences and pregnancy, using various topical and oral medications while managing side effects and resistance.

People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.

Some drugs can cause skin, nail, and hair problems, which are important for healthcare professionals to recognize and report.

Foals with Rhodococcus equi infection often have other health problems that lower their chances of survival.

Hair elemental analysis could be useful for health and exposure assessment but requires more standardization and research.

Iranian veterans exposed to sulfur mustard suffer from long-term skin itching and eye damage, with some risk of skin cancer and ongoing management challenges.

Oxidative stress affects hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia.

Skin fat helps with body temperature control and has other active roles in health.

Hair mineral analysis might help diagnose diseases early, but standard methods are needed.

Changes to the Foxp3 protein affect how well regulatory T cells can control the immune system, which could help treat immune diseases and cancer.

The conclusion is that tissue structure is key for stem cell communication and maintaining healthy tissues.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in acne, which can be a symptom of systemic diseases like PCOS and may require targeted treatment.

S5αR inhibitors might help treat schizophrenia and other mental disorders but need more research.

Topical drugs and near-infrared light therapy show potential for treating alopecia.

Sabal and Urtica extract works as well as finasteride for treating BPH, with fewer side effects.

PPAR agonists show promise for skin conditions but need more research before being a main treatment.

Immunosuppressive and anti-TNF therapies in IBD patients can increase the risk of skin cancer and cause various skin issues.

Mitoxantrone with a corticosteroid helps manage symptoms for some advanced prostate cancer patients but doesn't extend life.

There are still challenges in diagnosing and treating chronic skin diseases, but there is hope for future improvements.