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The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.

Metformin effectively improves metabolic symptoms in women with PCOS, while alfacalcidiol does not have a significant impact.

PCOS in lean women is a serious health condition with implications beyond fertility, affecting metabolism and increasing cardiovascular disease risk.

Women with PCOS are more likely to have sleep apnea, mainly if they are obese.

ICL is a condition with low CD4+ T cells like AIDS but not caused by HIV, and normal CD4+ T cell counts may vary between men and women.

5α-reductase inhibitors may worsen sexual drive and spontaneous erections but don't worsen existing erectile or ejaculatory problems.

Women with PCOS are at high risk of glucose metabolism issues and heart diseases, especially if overweight, highlighting the need for early intervention.

People with psoriasis have more health problems, including autoimmune diseases, than those without it.

People with androgenetic alopecia, both men and women, are more likely to develop heart diseases in the future.

Darkened knuckles can be an early sign of insulin resistance.

New treatments for low male hormones improved sexual function and mood but had unclear risks, especially for older men.

The intensive conventional diet with exercise led to better long-term weight loss and health improvements than the very low calorie diet in obese type 2 diabetics.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone have similar effects on body composition and metabolic health in men.

Orlistat helped reduce weight and testosterone in obese women with PCOS but did not significantly affect other androgens or cholesterol levels.

High levels of testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone before pregnancy are linked to a higher risk of newborns needing intensive care.

Nanotechnology is improving drug delivery and targeting, with promising applications in cancer treatment, gene therapy, and cosmetics, but challenges remain in ensuring precise delivery and safety.

People with androgenetic alopecia may have a higher risk of heart problems compared to those with alopecia areata or healthy individuals.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of a certain growth factor, which can be reduced by taking metformin.

Chromium supplements don't improve insulin, hormone levels, or cholesterol in women with PCOS but raise testosterone levels.

An unusual growth of Leydig cells in a woman's ovaries caused her excessive hair growth, which was treated successfully with surgery.

Psoriasis patients have more comorbidities, including autoimmune diseases and other health issues, than those without psoriasis.

The 2023 guideline for PCOS suggests using updated diagnostic criteria, assessing related health risks, and recommends lifestyle changes and specific treatments for symptoms and fertility issues.

Changes in gut bacteria can contribute to the development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), affecting metabolism, immunity, and causing inflammation. Treatments may involve adjusting these factors.

Acne treatment with isotretinoin increases the presence of p53, a protein, in skin and oil glands, which may help reduce acne severity.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

COVID-19 and hypopituitarism (reduced pituitary gland function) are linked, with the latter's related health issues potentially worsening COVID-19 outcomes, and COVID-19 possibly increasing risk for pituitary complications.

Skin symptoms can indicate endocrine disorders and have various treatments.

Irregular menstrual cycles in teenagers are linked to a higher risk of polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome.

Magnesium supplements improved quality of life for women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but didn't help with acne, hair loss, or abnormal bleeding.

Insulin resistance linked to obesity may increase COVID-19 severity.