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The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Crataegus pinnatifida extract may help increase hair growth and thickness in mice.

Cyanidin 3-O-arabinoside may help treat a common form of hair loss by protecting cells against aging and improving cell function.

Prostate cancer cells can make their own androgens to activate the androgen receptor, and treatments like abiraterone may increase this ability, suggesting new therapies should target the entire steroid-making pathway.

Menopause causes significant changes in the vaginal introitus, but less so in the labia majora, which may lead to symptoms of vaginal atrophy.

Future treatments for androgenic alopecia may focus on reactivating hair follicle stem cells and improving drug delivery.

The AC 2 peptide from Trapa japonica fruit helps protect hair cells and may treat hair loss.

Exercise improves insulin sensitivity and hormone regulation in PCOS rats.

Moringa seed oil helped hair growth in rabbits, with the highest dose being most effective.

Higher caspase-1 levels found in balding scalps; reducing it may help treat hair loss.

Acupuncture may improve reproductive and metabolic functions in PCOS without negative side effects, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

Compound 4 is a promising treatment for hair loss with low toxicity.

Birth control pills change the activity of certain inflammation and blood clotting genes in women with PCOS.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), a protein-rich extract from a patient's blood, shows promise in improving hair density, thickness, and quality, but the best method of use and number of treatments needed for noticeable results are still unclear.

PNU157706 reduced rat sperm movement and fertility without affecting offspring health.

Finasteride helps reduce heart issues and improves heart function.

Drospirenone is a unique progestin with anti-water retention and potential blood pressure benefits, used in birth control and hormone therapy.

Prolactin affects hair growth cycles and can cause early hair follicle regression.

Minoxidil can reduce functions related to androgen receptors.

SOX9 is essential for the development of various organs and hair follicles.

Millet seed oil may help hair grow by activating certain cell growth signals.

Men's and women's pattern hair loss progress differently, with men showing more hair thinning and women having more widespread hair loss.

Finasteride harms Daphnia magna's reproduction, growth, and metabolism.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a big role in acne, but most acne sufferers don't have a hormone disorder. Hormonal treatments, including birth control pills, can be very effective for women whose acne doesn't improve with regular treatments.

The seed extract of Lepidium sativum L. can potentially treat hair loss, showing effects similar to 5% minoxidil.

Tiny particles from stem cells help activate hair growth cells and encourage hair growth in mice without being toxic.

Sophora flavescens extract may help hair grow by affecting growth factors and blocking a hair-related enzyme.

Targeting androgen receptors could be a promising way to treat skin disorders with fewer side effects.

A substance called Cell-free fat extract can effectively treat common hair loss by increasing hair growth and density.