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The guideline provides healthcare professionals in South Africa with instructions for comprehensive, multidisciplinary gender-affirming care, including HIV prevention and treatment for transgender and gender diverse individuals.

Muscles can make their own androgens, which may help muscle growth.

The article concludes that dermatologists should prescribe lifestyle drugs carefully and consider mental health treatments for patients with disorders like BDD.

Topical minoxidil 1% and 2% are twice as effective as placebo for female pattern hair loss.

Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.

A three-month treatment with a GnRH agonist significantly lowered androgen levels and 5α-reductase activity in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Liraglutide caused significant weight loss in some obese women with PCOS, especially those with severe obesity and insulin resistance.

Men with low testosterone should be carefully evaluated and monitored before and during treatment.

Hormonal contraceptives can help treat acne by affecting sebum production and androgen levels.

Both finasteride and GnRH agonist treatments reduced hair growth in women with idiopathic hirsutism, but GnRH agonist was more effective.

Hormonal male contraception is effective and could be market-ready, but more research is needed to ensure safety for all ethnic groups.

Optimal long-acting finasteride injection dose found: 16.8 mg, effective for one month.

Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.

IVL-DrugFluidic® can mass-produce high-quality, long-acting injectable drug microspheres, improving patient compliance and reducing side effects.

Cellcurex™ treatment increased hair growth and thickness but caused pain and bleeding.

A teenage girl's excessive hair growth was caused by a medication for mania, but improved after stopping the medication.

Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.

IVL3001 is safe, effective, and better than oral finasteride for treating hair loss.

Testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women appears safe and may protect against heart disease, but requires constant monitoring and more research for long-term effects.

The conclusion is that managing androgen excess requires long-term treatment, including hormonal contraceptives and androgen blockers, with follow-up after six months.

Treating early puberty with hormone therapy may increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in adults.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Treatment with a hormone agonist can reduce excess male hormones in postmenopausal women without surgery.

Certain medications can reduce mortality risk in COPD patients, but others can increase risks of cardiovascular issues, postoperative delirium, and other adverse effects.

The document concludes that various medications and treatments can have significant, sometimes adverse, effects on health outcomes.

Androgen use may increase the risk of stroke, but more research is needed.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.