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TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Stem cells are crucial for skin repair and new treatments for chronic wounds.

5% and 2% minoxidil solutions effectively promote hair growth and reduce hair loss, with 5% being slightly more effective but having more side effects.

Stem cells help heal skin wounds by moving and changing roles, working with other cells, and needing more research on their activation and behavior.

Different types of skin cells play specific roles in development, healing, and cancer.

Keratins are crucial for cell structure, growth, and disease risk.

PrEP for HIV is less effective in transgender women mainly due to low adherence to the treatment.

PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and may help with baldness, but effects on sexual function and male fetuses are unclear.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.

Early development of hair, teeth, and glands involves specific signaling pathways and cellular interactions.

Stem cell self-renewal is complex and needs more research for full understanding.

Most people with systemic lupus erythematosus have skin problems, and skin symptoms are often the first sign of the disease.

The Sonic hedgehog pathway is crucial for new hair growth during mouse skin healing.

The document concludes that a better understanding of cell changes during wound healing could improve treatments for chronic wounds and other conditions.

Memory regulatory T cells need IL-7, not IL-2, to stay in peripheral tissues.

The niche environment controls stem cell behavior and plasticity, which is important for tissue health and repair.

Different types of stem cells and their environments are key to skin repair and maintenance.

Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.

Finasteride exposure in pregnancy causes genital abnormalities in male rats.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

The document concludes that while significant progress has been made in understanding skin biology and stem cells, more research is needed to fully understand their interactions with their environment.

Exposure to finasteride in the womb caused lasting reproductive issues in male rats.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

The research found that Atypical Progeroid Syndrome has unique symptoms and is not caused by the buildup of a certain mutant protein.