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Mutations in the SRD5A3 gene cause a new type of glycosylation disorder by blocking the production of a molecule necessary for protein glycosylation.

Spironolactone treatment increases the amount of testosterone available in the body.

Melatonin in the skin helps protect against damage from stress and UV rays, and could be used to treat certain skin conditions.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.

The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

Dermoscopy is a useful tool for identifying features of skin conditions, but more research is needed to define its role in dermatology.

Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.

The timing of when the gene Bmal1 is active affects aging and survival, with its absence during development, not adulthood, leading to premature aging.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.

Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand various diseases in older adults.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.

Noggin is necessary to start the hair growth phase in skin after birth.

Finasteride effectively treats BPH, but needs more trials to understand potential.

Hair color production in mice is closely linked to the hair growth phase and may also influence hair growth itself.

The Multi-Organ-Chip improves the growth and quality of skin and hair in the lab, potentially replacing animal testing.

Laser hair removal is the most requested cosmetic procedure and has become a scientifically-based treatment suitable for all skin types.

Iron deficiency may be related to hair loss, but there's not enough evidence to recommend iron screening or supplements for all hair loss patients.

PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.

Lactate production is important for activating hair growth stem cells.

Stress stops hair growth in mice by causing early hair growth phase end and harmful inflammation through a specific nerve-related pathway.

Fungi-produced compounds can change plant root growth.

A new microneedle patch made from hair proteins helps regrow hair faster and better than current treatments.

Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.