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TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Future hair loss treatments should aim to extend hair growth, reactivate resting follicles, reverse shrinkage, and possibly create new follicles, with gene therapy showing promise.

Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.

The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.

Lecithin organogels could be good for applying drugs to the skin because they are stable, safe, and can improve drug absorption.

Visible light can damage skin and most sunscreens don't block it well; more research is needed on its effects and protection methods.

The document concludes that developing generic topical drugs requires ensuring they match the original in quality, composition, and structure, and often involves complex testing and regulatory steps.

Hair follicles significantly increase the speed and amount of caffeine absorbed through the skin.

Hair loss in men is common, treatable, but not curable.

Hair loss needs more research for better treatments.

Myrtle has various health benefits and potential for medicine development.

Caffeine in cosmetics may reduce cellulite, protect skin, and stimulate hair growth, but more research is needed on its use and effects.

Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.

Microneedles improve drug delivery in various body parts, are safe and painless, and show promise in cosmetology, vaccination, insulin delivery, and other medical applications.

Transplant success has improved with better immunosuppressive drugs and donor matching.

Protoporphyrin IX is useful in cancer treatment but can cause health problems if not properly regulated.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Macrophages help heal nerves by aiding the maturation of Schwann cells and are important for nerve repair.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

Substances from Chinese medicines show promise for immune support and disease prevention, but the way they are processed affects their effectiveness.

Fat cells in the skin help start healing and form important repair cells after injury.

Targeting androgen receptors could be a promising way to treat skin disorders with fewer side effects.

The telogen phase of hair growth is active and important for preparing hair follicles for regeneration, not just a resting stage.

Understanding how cells die in the skin is important for treating skin diseases and preventing hair loss.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

The hydrogel with a 1:3 ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose to hyaluronic acid is effective for delivering drugs through the skin to treat acne.

Macrophages help regrow hair by activating stem cells using AKT/β-catenin and TNF.

Lignans and neolignans from plants may help protect against various health issues, including cancer and heart disease.