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Low-dose flutamide improved hirsutism and satisfaction in women but had common side effects, causing some to stop treatment.

Environmental factors and exposure to toxins may contribute to male infertility by affecting sperm and hormone function.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

Low dose finasteride decreases certain steroids, possibly increasing depression risk.

Acupuncture may improve reproductive and metabolic functions in PCOS without negative side effects, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone treatments can help with penile growth in males with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, with dihydrotestosterone being more effective in infancy.

Acne is linked to inflammation and insulin resistance, and is associated with various syndromes that require different treatments.

Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition that can cause low self-esteem and depression, and early treatment is important to prevent scarring.

Eating a Mediterranean diet and taking certain supplements may improve symptoms of PCOS.

Long-term opioid use can cause a serious condition where the adrenal glands don't work properly, which doctors should watch out for.

Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.

There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.

Polycystic ovary syndrome increases the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer, and requires early treatment to manage these risks.

The 2023 guideline advises a detailed approach for PCOS, focusing on early detection, lifestyle and medical treatments, and managing health risks.

Women with PCOS have thicker parafoveal areas in their retinas, but their macular blood vessel density is normal.

PCOS is managed by lifestyle changes and personalized medication to improve symptoms and fertility.

Laparoscopic ovarian drilling helps infertile women with PCOS by improving menstrual regularity, ovulation, and chances of conception, and by changing hormone levels.

Spironolactone treatment reduced hair growth and androgen levels in hirsute women, but the overall effectiveness was just adequate.

Higher insulin levels are linked to larger ovaries in women with idiopathic hirsutism.

Serum AMH levels are a strong marker for diagnosing PCOS in Indian women.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of certain hormones compared to healthy women, and these levels vary with BMI, age, and treatment type.

Women with PCOS have higher oxidative stress and hormone imbalances, suggesting managing oxidative stress could help.

High levels of anti-Müllerian hormone can indicate polycystic ovarian syndrome in women who can have babies.

Evening primrose oil significantly improves hormone levels and reduces BMI and cholesterol in women with PCOS.

High levels of cortisol in hair show long-term stress which can lower fertility in animals.

Higher levels of the protein Pannexin-1 may play a role in hair loss in women with PCOS.

The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.

High fasting insulin levels in women with PCOS are linked to a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of certain androgens, which are good at predicting excess hair growth.