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The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.

The document concludes that correct diagnosis and management of PCOS are important, and more research is needed on its risks and treatments.

Eating high glycemic foods and drinking milk may worsen acne by increasing insulin and IGF-1 levels.

Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.

High androgen levels can cause excessive hair growth and may indicate serious health issues, including heart disease and fertility problems.

A pineal tumor caused a boy's early puberty, which changed from peripheral to central after treatment.

Some cancer and immune system drugs can cause serious side effects, including heart, lung, nerve, and organ damage, which need careful monitoring and management.

Hyperandrogenism, often causing excessive hair growth and acne, can be treated with methods like weight reduction, hair removal, various medications, and in the case of acne, topical treatments.

Long-term use of finasteride and dutasteride can cause serious health issues like diabetes and liver problems.

More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.

COVID-19 may harm male reproductive health and lower testosterone levels, potentially affecting fertility and causing erectile dysfunction. More research is needed.

The document concludes that a systematic approach is crucial to identify causes of androgen excess in women beyond the most common cause, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

SOX9 is essential for the development of various organs and hair follicles.

Androgenetic alopecia is linked to heart disease, metabolic issues, and mental health problems.

The document concludes that blocking the internal pathways that create androgens might help treat cancers that depend on sex hormones.

Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism, a condition with symptoms like increased hair growth and acne, is usually caused by PCOS but can also be due to other factors. It's diagnosed by checking testosterone levels and treated either by removing the adrenal tumor or through antiandrogen therapy.

ACBP is essential for healthy skin and fur by maintaining the skin's barrier function.

DA-9401 helps protect rat testis from finasteride damage.

Surgery to lower high testosterone in postmenopausal women with certain ovarian tumors doesn't significantly affect their metabolism.

Most hirsutism patients had idiopathic hirsutism or PCOS, with hormonal imbalances and signs like acne and irregular periods.

Diagnose and manage hair issues in women by checking medical conditions and using personalized treatments.

A 63-year-old woman's male-like symptoms were caused by a rare testosterone-producing ovarian tumor, treated by removing her ovaries and fallopian tubes.

Benign ovarian tumors can cause excess male hormones and related conditions in postmenopausal women.

Sertoliform endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary, though rare, has a good prognosis when treated early.

Most women with hirsutism or androgenic alopecia had polycystic ovaries, especially if they had irregular periods.

The conclusion is that oral contraceptives and antiandrogens can treat hirsutism and acne in women with cutaneous hyperandrogenism, but more research is needed for effective treatments, especially for hair loss.

Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.

Effective hirsutism management requires identifying the cause, combining new and traditional treatments, and setting realistic expectations for patients.

Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.