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Oral retinoids are effective for various skin conditions but have side effects and should not be used during pregnancy.

The transgene likely activated an oncogene or interrupted a tumor suppressor gene, causing melanoma in mice.

Short-chain fatty acids from *Cutibacterium acnes* cause skin inflammation, contributing to acne.

Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.

Alefacept may effectively treat severe lichen planus, with patients showing significant improvement and no side effects.

Bismuth subgallate and borneol together improve skin wound healing better than when used separately or compared to other treatments.

Spironolactone helps reduce pain and lesions in hidradenitis suppurativa patients, and lower doses are also effective.

Alopecia areata was most common in people in their 30s and 40s, with some family history and a higher relapse rate, and larger bald areas responded better to specific immunotherapy.

Minoxidil is mostly safe, but high doses can cause electrolyte imbalances and heart issues in dogs.

Teriflunomide effectively reduces relapse rates and disease progression in multiple sclerosis but is not safe for use during pregnancy.

Dermoscopy has improved skin cancer diagnosis and has expanding applications in dermatology, but requires staying updated with new research and techniques.

Lichen planopilaris mostly affects women with fair skin and can look different on each person, needing early treatment to prevent hair loss.

Sex hormones affect brain injury differently in males and females.

The document concludes that recognizing oral lesions is important for diagnosing syphilis.

Dermoscopy has greatly improved the diagnosis of skin lesions and our understanding of their morphology and biology.

Teriflunomide is effective and generally safe for treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Understanding chaos and control mechanisms in disease can improve diagnosis and prediction in medicine.

COVID-19 can cause various skin problems, including reactions to protective gear and medication, with different rates reported worldwide, and more research is needed to fully understand these skin issues.

Woman has discoid lupus, frontal fibrosing, and androgenetic alopecia.

A boy with chromosome 13q deletion syndrome developed eye cancer, a woman with breast cancer lost vision due to a rare side-effect of her treatment, a man's vision worsened after using a hair loss drug, and two rare disorders were discussed. Optical Coherence Tomography is useful for diagnosing and monitoring these conditions.

The Persian cat has a skin infection caused by a fungus, treatable with antifungal medication.

Topical minoxidil successfully treated temporal triangular alopecia.

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune disease causing hair loss in patches, often starting before age 20, and while some cases recover on their own, treatments include topical corticosteroids, minoxidil, and promising new methods like IL-31 antibodies and 308-nm Excimer laser therapy.

A 17-year-old boy with Temporal Triangular Alopecia successfully grew new hair after a hair restoration surgery using follicular unit transplantation.

Skin cancer is common in elderly nursing home residents, with risk factors including being male, having light skin, outdoor work history, and smoking. Regular skin checks are recommended.

A woman got a rare condition called oleoma after cellulite treatment, which left scars even after treatment.

Vitamin D3 ointment improved skin bumps on the chin but didn't give lasting results after stopping use.

A benign tumor developed at a girl's BCG vaccination site, not previously linked to the vaccine.

Hair transplantation effectively treated a woman's patchy hair loss when other treatments failed.

Some people with chronic hair loss may have thyroid autoimmunity.