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Melatonin may protect inner ear cells from damage by reducing cell death and oxidative stress, potentially treating sudden hearing loss.

ATP-sensitive K+ channel subunits, particularly Sur2A, play a significant role in various cancers.

Pharmaceutical care in transplantation faces challenges but has promising future opportunities for better outcomes.

Testosterone and its metabolites affect brain functions and could help treat neurological disorders.

High doses of rosemary extract can harm the liver, kidneys, and reproductive organs in young rats.

New therapies are being developed that target integrin pathways to treat various diseases.

Epidermal stem cells create and maintain skin structures like hair and nails through specific signaling pathways and vary by location and function.

Stem cells and their exosomes show promise for repairing tissues and healing wounds when delivered effectively, but more research is needed on their tracking and optimal use.

Organoid technology is advancing and entering commercial use, with applications in disease modeling, drug development, and personalized medicine.

The mouse model shows potential for understanding and improving scarless wound healing, and Wnt-4 and TGF-β1 play a role in wound healing and scar formation.

Skin-derived stem cells can become various cell types, including germ cell-like and oocyte-like cells.

Cytokines are important for immune responses and treating diseases, but they can cause side effects like fever and skin issues.

Keratins help protect cells, aid in cancer diagnosis, and influence cancer behavior and treatment.

The document concludes that the understanding of scar formation is incomplete and current prevention and treatment for hypertrophic scars and keloids are not fully effective.

*Acorus calamus* has many medicinal benefits but needs more safety research.

Scientists have made progress in creating replacement teeth, hair, and glands that work, which could lead to new treatments for missing teeth, baldness, and dryness conditions.

Autoimmune liver diseases are likely linked to certain skin conditions like vitiligo and psoriasis.

Researchers created a mouse model of a type of rickets that does not cause hair loss.

The document concludes that understanding how adult stem and progenitor cells move is crucial for tissue repair and developing cell therapies.

Bimatoprost can cause longer, thicker, darker eyelashes and eyebrows.

PDCD4 is important for controlling skin cell growth and healing.

The document concludes that more research is needed to understand airway repair and to improve tissue engineering for lung treatments.

Hair follicle stem cells could be used to treat the skin condition vitiligo.

A boy's hair loss improved after tumor removal and vitamin D treatment, but hair loss returned despite normal vitamin D and no tumor regrowth.

Stem cells can improve skin grafts by enhancing blood flow and hair growth.

Acne can be managed with various treatments and requires psychological support due to its emotional impact.

Chemicals and stem cells combined have advanced regenerative medicine with few safety concerns, focusing on improving techniques and treatment effectiveness.

The demineralized bone matrix scaffold is better for cell attachment than the mineralized bone allograft.

Certain sugars increase in some layers of the hair follicle during the middle of the healing process in rats, which may help improve healing.

β-catenin is essential for stem cell activation and proliferation in hair follicles.