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Keratins help protect cells, aid in cancer diagnosis, and influence cancer behavior and treatment.

Acne affects most teenagers and can continue into adulthood, with various treatments available that show improvement but have concerns like antibiotic resistance and side effects.

Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.

New topical antifungals and delivery systems are improving treatment for fungal skin infections, but patient education and prevention are key.

Wool follicles are complex, involving interactions between different cell types and structures.

A new skin-whitening agent using a peptide from wheat is safe and effective at reducing skin pigmentation.

A different gene near the hairless gene on chromosome 8p21 causes a rare hair loss condition in a German family.

Feed restriction in sheep leads to finer wool fibers but may reduce wool quality.

Oral retinoids are effective for treating severe skin disorders but have reversible side effects and risks for pregnant women.

Dermabrasion improves skin appearance by removing the top layer to promote healing.

Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.

Different factors like pH, gel type, and chemical enhancers affect how well hydrocortisone gets into hair follicles, and less hydrated skin doesn't work well with the test method.

Gamma-ray exposure can cause long-lasting damage to hair follicles, affecting hair structure and color.

Using both TGA and DTDG in hair straightening reduces hair damage compared to using TGA alone.

Iron nanoparticles made from pumpkin extract effectively treated burns and promoted healing in mice.

The document reviews various hair and nail disorders, their causes, and treatments, emphasizing the need for proper diagnosis and the link between nail changes and systemic diseases.

Targeting NETs may help reduce fibrosis in Crohn's disease.

Skin lesions in Carney complex are likely caused by a specific group of skin cells that promote pigment production due to a genetic mutation.

Blocking IL-1 could help treat some hair loss conditions; alopecia affects liver detox systems; spironolactone is better than finasteride for female hair growth; focusing on the catagen hair phase could lead to new alopecia treatments.

Injecting platelet-rich plasma into the scalp stimulates hair growth, increases hair density, and treats hair loss effectively with minimal side effects.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections effectively treat hair loss and thinning in both men and women, with high satisfaction and no major side effects.

Certain cells from hair follicles can create new hair and contribute to hair growth when implanted in mice.

K6hf is a unique protein found only in a specific layer of hair follicles.

The document concludes that specific cells are essential for hair growth and more research is needed to understand how to maintain their hair-inducing properties.

The document concludes that while significant progress has been made in understanding skin biology and stem cells, more research is needed to fully understand their interactions with their environment.

Overexpressing Dsg3 in mice skin causes excessive cell growth and abnormal skin development.

TCDD speeds up skin barrier formation by increasing certain gene expressions.

Sphynx cats are hairless and Devon Rex cats have curly hair due to specific genetic mutations.

Mutations in the DSG4 gene can cause a rare hair disorder similar to monilethrix.

Accurate diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing superficial fungal infections, with terbinafine being the best oral treatment for nail infections.