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Keratins are crucial for cell structure, growth, and disease risk.

This study found that keratin 15 expression is downregulated in hyperproliferative conditions like psoriasis and hypertrophic scars, suggesting it is not compatible with keratinocyte activation.

This study reported that K14 expression patterns and keratin filament organization in human skin's hair follicles differ from those in the epidermis, indicating distinct differentiation programs.

In a mouse model, this study demonstrated that a microneedle patch system using keratin and integrated with MSC-derived exosomes and UK5099 promoted hair regrowth more efficiently than traditional delivery methods.

This review discusses the recent advancements in understanding how keratins influence cytoarchitecture, cell dynamics, and disease processes but reports no new clinical results; the authors highlight its roles in development and diseases like cancer.

Keratin gene mutations cause various skin and hair disorders, but new research offers hope for future treatments.

This study found that mutations in the K17 gene underlie both pachyonychia congenita type 2 and steatocystoma multiplex phenotypes, regardless of the specific mutation involved.

This study found that keratin K14 expression occurs early in epidermal cell differentiation, while a hair-specific keratin is expressed later in hair matrix cells, suggesting developmental divergence between the two cell types.

This study reported that transgenic mice with targeted TNF alpha expression in keratinocytes showed impaired weight gain, retarded hair growth, and skin changes, leading to cachexia and necrosis.

This study found that MK6a-deficient mice showed delayed reepithelialization after superficial wounding but not after full-thickness skin wounds, suggesting MK6a plays a role in activating follicular keratinocytes post-wounding.

This study found that despite strong homology between two K16 genes, only one encoded a functional protein that assembled into keratin filaments in epithelial cells, possibly due to promoter strength differences.

This review discusses hair keratins and hair follicle-specific epithelial keratins and their association with inherited hair disorders, reporting no new clinical results.

This study found that cultured outer root sheath cells from human hair follicles expressed a keratin profile similar to their in vivo environment, indicating environmental influence on keratin expression.

This study reports the first keratin gene mutation affecting the tail domain, leading to a unique cytoskeletal abnormality and severe epidermal hyperkeratosis, highlighting the tail domain's critical role in keratin organization.

This study reports the cloning and expression details of two new human type II keratins, K6irs3 and K6irs4, in the hair follicle's inner root sheath, suggesting a distinct functional role related to hair structure.

The researchers reported that basal cell carcinoma tumor cells strongly express keratins typical of basal keratinocytes and some hair follicle components but lack differentiation markers, suggesting a follicular or pluripotent stem cell origin.

Hoxc13 is important for hair and tongue development by controlling hair keratin genes.

Different keratin proteins are expressed in various epithelial cells at different stages, affecting cell structure and function.

This study found that K17 is crucial for the structural integrity and survival of hair-producing cells, with K17 null mice developing alopecia due to hair fragility and follicular alterations.

This study found that keratin expression patterns vary within nail unit structures, with the nail matrix uniquely expressing the acidic hair-type keratin Ha1.

This study found that while the KRTAP gene family is unique to mammals, humans have a similar number of these hair gene types as other primates despite having less body hair.

This study found that the K19 promoter is active in certain gastrointestinal cancer cells and its activity is influenced by the interaction between GKLF and Sp1 transcription factors.

This study characterized keratin-based biomaterials that self-assemble into hydrogels, demonstrating their potential to achieve hemostasis in a lethal liver injury model through specific biomaterial-receptor interactions.

Human hair keratin can be used in many medical applications.

This study found that overexpressing the Hoxc13 gene in mice causes hair loss and a skin condition similar to ichthyosis, identifying several gene targets that may regulate hair growth.

This review discusses keratin disorders and potential RNA interference therapeutics, reporting no new clinical findings but highlighting the promise of siRNA for future treatments.

This study describes a method to create keratin hydrogels with adjustable erosion rates by mixing different ratios of keratose and kerateine, enabling controlled release of therapeutic agents like insulin-like growth factor 1.

In this study, the researchers found that a keratin hydrogel filler in nerve conduits led to earlier Schwann cell migration and improved cellular behaviors compared to other fillers in a rat sciatic nerve model.

This study found that while most mice lacking MK6a and MK6b genes died from tongue epithelium disintegration, about 25% survived and showed no hair or nail defects due to a newly discovered MK6hf gene.

This study identified a domain on human chromosome 21q22.1 containing various high glycine-tyrosine and high sulfur keratin-associated protein genes, revealing their diverse expression in hair-forming cells.