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This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical evaluation, and pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlights recent advancements, but it does not report new clinical findings.

This review discusses the niches supporting adult stem cells in various organisms, including well-studied germline niches and the less understood mammalian niches, but it reports no new research findings.

This study found that aging in the epidermis disrupts cytokine balance and stem cell function, which may contribute to broader tumor-suppressive mechanisms.

This review discusses the role of the JAK-STAT pathway in autoimmune skin diseases and suggests potential therapeutic benefits of JAK inhibitors, but reports no new experimental results.

This review discusses the JAK-STAT pathway and the use of FDA-approved JAK inhibitors for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases but reports no new research findings.

This study found that black phosphorus nanosheets positively influence skin repair by enhancing angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory response, collagen deposition, and re-epithelialization in a rat model of skin wounds, potentially through activating the JAK-STAT-OAS signaling pathway.

This review highlights the challenges in treating alopecia areata, noting that current therapies often lead to relapse and have uncertain long-term effectiveness; it also points to potential future treatments such as JAK-STAT inhibitors and PRP.

Alopecia areata is linked to immune-related genes, suggesting JAK inhibitors as a potential treatment.

The researchers reported that in mice, prolactin signaling in the skin epithelium inhibits hair follicle stem cell activation, promoting quiescence during periods of high serum prolactin like pregnancy and lactation.

This study identified key genes and signaling pathways involved in the growth phases of Pashmina goat hair follicles, highlighting the role of several gene families and transcription factors in fiber quality and growth regulation.

In this study, researchers observed that follicular damage and stem cell loss in frontal fibrosing alopecia may be mediated by immune attacks at the bulge region, suggesting potential for JAK/STAT-targeting treatments to prevent progression.

This review discusses how certain adult stem cells can produce factors that support the maintenance of other stem cell populations within shared niches, and it reports no new experimental results.

This study discusses the immune dysregulation observed in individuals with Down syndrome, highlighting their increased risk for autoimmune skin conditions, but does not yet clarify the molecular mechanisms behind this profile.

This study found that 3D-printed polyamine-modified hydrogels facilitate M2 macrophage polarization and exosome secretion, enhancing skin cell compatibility and promoting wound healing and hair follicle induction in an animal model through specific signaling pathways, suggesting potential for skin disorder therapies.

This study suggests that statins may help treat acute alopecia areata, with animal experiments showing increased regulatory T cell populations after statin treatment in mice with the condition.

This review discusses the potential of JAK inhibitors for treating alopecia areata and reports case study evidence of their effectiveness, but formal clinical trials are needed for more definitive conclusions.

This study suggests that mesenchymal stem cell therapy may improve cell viability and regulate key signaling pathways in vitro for treating alopecia areata.

This review summarizes recent research on alopecia areata, highlighting advances in targeted therapies due to improved understanding of its immunopathogenesis, though it reports no new clinical results.

This study suggests that the emulsion extract of brevilin A from Centipeda minima may stimulate hair regrowth in individuals with mild to moderate vertex balding by inhibiting JAK3.

This review discusses the JAK/STAT signaling pathway's role in immune-mediated skin diseases and examines the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors for treating vitiligo and alopecia areata, but reports no new clinical results.

Ruxolitinib treatment led to unexpected hair regrowth in a patient with alopecia universalis.

Stem cells compete for space using cell adhesion, and mutations can affect their competitive success, with implications for tissue health and disease.

In this study, hair follicle transcriptomic responses to a 10-day HIIT program revealed both existing and new biomarkers, such as certain miRNAs, offering a potentially effective way to monitor cellular and molecular HIIT adaptations.

This study found that mesenchymal stem cell treatment alleviated atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in a mouse model by modulating immune and inflammatory responses, with gene expression changes suggesting pathways for potential personalized treatment approaches.

This study found that alopecia areata is linked to genetic factors, specifically HLA haplotypes on chromosome 6, and involves immune privilege collapse at hair follicles which is mediated by the JAK-STAT pathway and pro-inflammatory cytokines like IFN-γ.

This study explored the mechanism of Shaoyao Gancao decoction in treating alopecia areata and found that it may be closely related to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

In this study, topical naringin was found to significantly improve dermatitis severity and reduce inflammatory markers in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for this condition.

This study found that a specific macrophage subpopulation in the dermis helps maintain hair follicle stem cell quiescence through cytokine-mediated signaling.

This review discusses the complex role of immune disturbances and the JAK-STAT pathway in alopecia areata, noting the success of JAK inhibitors in treatment, while highlighting ongoing debates and challenges in targeting other pathways like IL-17 and TNF-α.

This review discusses the association between emotional stress-related neuropeptides and the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, reporting no new experimental findings.