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A man with Klinefelter syndrome had a leg ulcer that didn't heal well, even with treatment.

A thorough history and examination are crucial for diagnosing skin diseases, which affect up to a third of people. This includes details about skin lesions, medication, general health, lifestyle, family, and contacts, as well as examining the rash, hair, nails, and mucous membranes. Changes in hair and nails can also indicate other medical and skin disorders.

Melatonin directly affects mouse hair follicles and may influence hair growth.

Hair loss affects self-esteem; patients seek effective, low side-effect treatments.

Minoxidil helps with hair regrowth in women with androgenic alopecia.

Minoxidil solution increases hair growth; Shampoo B best for dandruff; infliximab helps pemphigus vulgaris.

Vitiligo is a skin condition causing white spots, more common in women, often starts before age 20, and can affect mental health.

Rosacea is a skin condition with unclear causes, classified into four subtypes.

Most patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia are postmenopausal women, and treatments like finasteride and dutasteride can improve or stabilize the condition.

The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.

The skin's layers protect, sense, and regulate the body's internal balance, but can be prone to cancer.

JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.

5% and 2% minoxidil solutions effectively promote hair growth and reduce hair loss, with 5% being slightly more effective but having more side effects.

Platelet-rich plasma treatment significantly increased hair regrowth and decreased discomfort in alopecia patients, making it a potentially better and safer treatment option.

Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.

COVID-19 can cause different skin symptoms that may help with early diagnosis and show how severe the disease is.

Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.

Mostly postmenopausal Caucasian women get Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia, which often includes eyebrow loss and has limited treatment success.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

Alopecia areata is a common autoimmune disease affecting about 2% of people, causing significant disability and often associated with mental health issues and other autoimmune conditions.

EGFR inhibitors often cause skin problems and other side effects, but these are usually reversible and can be managed to keep patients comfortable.

Horizontally sectioned scalp biopsies are more reliable for diagnosing hair loss in women when three samples are taken instead of one.

Coal tar shampoos, salicylic acid, and topical corticosteroids are effective for scalp psoriasis, with Vitamin D3 analogues also showing benefits; severe cases may require stronger medication with more risks.

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising treatments for autoimmune skin diseases like eczema and psoriasis.

JAK inhibitors help with skin conditions but need more research on dosing and safety.

COVID-19 can cause skin issues like rashes and "COVID toes," and people with skin conditions should adjust their treatments if they get the virus.

New treatments for Alopecia Areata show promise but need to be more effective and affordable.

Prolactin affects hair growth and skin conditions, and could be a target for new skin disease treatments.

There are many treatments for permanent hair loss disorders, but their effectiveness varies and there's no clear best option.