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This review investigates how various intrinsic factors—such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and interferons—regulate hair growth through evidence gathered from in vitro and in vivo studies, highlighting the need for further research in human subjects to validate these findings.

This study suggests that the neuropeptide CGRP may protect against, but not restore, IFNγ-induced collapse of hair follicle immune privilege in alopecia areata.

In this experimental study, laser irradiation significantly altered the gene expression of cytokines in cultured human T-cell lymphocytes, suggesting that such laser light may photobiomodulate cytokine production in vitro.

In this study, serum IL-13 and TGF-β concentrations were significantly different between alopecia areata patients and controls, suggesting a role for these cytokines in the disease's pathogenesis.

This review discusses various presentations of drug-induced cutaneous eruptions, particularly those associated with interferon and ribavirin, and reports no new clinical findings.

This study observed that long-term recombinant interferon alpha-2b therapy was associated with considerable hair loss in some patients, indicated by a telogen effluvium pattern on trichograms.

This case study reports the first instance of irreversible alopecia universalis occurring during pegylated interferon-ribavirin therapy in a man with hepatitis C infection, without evidence of immunological or thyroid disorders.

This study found that cutaneous ulcers caused by interferon are not associated with the medication's dosage.

This case report describes a rare instance of alopecia universalis occurring eight weeks after discontinuing pegylated interferon α and ribavirin therapy, highlighting the need for awareness among healthcare providers.

In this study, pegylated interferon alpha therapy was independently associated with more severe hair loss, particularly acute telogen effluvium, in chronic hepatitis B patients with alopecia, compared to nucleos(t)ide analog therapy, emphasizing the importance of monitoring and counseling, especially for younger female patients.

In this clinical trial, patients with lichen planopilaris treated with the oral TYK2 inhibitor deucravacitinib showed significant improvement in PGA, LPPAI, and Skindex-16 scores over 24 weeks, with transcriptomic analyses indicating decreased inflammatory and immune pathway activity post-treatment.

In this study, Typhonium flagelliforme leaf-ethanolic extract combined with natural interferon was observed to stabilize body weight, inhibit tumor growth, and reduce mitosis, angiogenesis, and certain protein expressions in carcinogen-induced tumors in female mice, suggesting potential antitumor effects.

During treatment with interferon/ribavirin for hepatitis C, this study observed significant and lasting improvement in a patient's psoriasis without additional psoriasis-specific therapies.

This study observed that interferon β secreted by dermal papilla cells may negatively regulate the growth of outer root sheath cells in hair follicles.

The study identified increased IL-24 expression in keratinocytes and fibroblasts exposed to particulate matter, contributing to skin aging by promoting conditions similar to age-related changes such as increased MMP1 expression and decreased type I collagen production.

This study found that knock-down of keratin 15 in various cell lines affected cell spreading, morphology, migration, differentiation, and proliferation, suggesting its role in maintaining the stem cell nature of keratinocytes.

This study found that 87% of patients with stage IIA and IIB melanoma treated with low-dose alpha-interferon reported cutaneous side effects, with the most common being hair loss.

This study demonstrated the expression of type 1 interferon-related proteins in inflammatory lesions of alopecia areata, showing a distinct distribution pattern compared to cicatricial alopecia.

This study observed that two patients treated with interferon α-2b and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C experienced complete and reversible straightening of their natural curly hair, which recurred with treatment resumption.

This review discusses the involvement of type I interferons in skin autoimmune and inflammatory diseases but reports no new clinical results.

In this study, pegylated interferon alfa-2b injections led to local cutaneous reactions, including cutaneous necrosis, in patients with hepatitis C and chronic myelocytic leukemia, requiring dose modifications or treatment withdrawal in some cases.

This review discusses adverse effects associated with pegylated IFN therapy for chronic hepatitis C and highlights the potential of new antiviral drugs to reduce side effects and improve treatment adherence, but reports no new clinical results.

This case study describes the successful use of recombinant feline interferon-omega in managing feline chronic gingivostomatitis syndrome in cats with type II diabetes, where long-acting corticosteroids are contraindicated.

This study observed that inflammatory AIGA is associated with sweat duct inflammation and sweat coil atrophy, while non-inflammatory AIGA involves only sweat coil atrophy, suggesting distinct pathological features between the two.

In this study, 97% of patients undergoing pegylated interferon alfa2a and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C experienced one or more skin-related side effects, with hair loss being the most common.

In this study, a patient with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis experienced persistent skin issues despite treatment, highlighting questions about type I interferon's role in skin disorders and potential IFN-targeted therapies for cutaneous lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis.

This letter to the editor discusses excessive hair growth observed around local β-interferon injection sites for malignant melanoma but reports no new clinical results.

This study used an in silico/in vitro approach to identify potential inhibitors of the enzyme SRD5A2, finding that the androgen receptor modulator MK-0773 is a moderate inhibitor, although it does not act as a covalent inhibitor like finasteride.

This study found that coadministration of pimecrolimus may interfere with the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in atopic dermatitis.