21 citations
,
April 2010 in “Veterinary Dermatology” This study documented the progression of exfoliative cutaneous lupus erythematosus in German shorthaired pointers and found generally poor responses to therapies, including immunomodulatory drugs and a TNF-α inhibitor.
56 citations
,
September 2016 in “Pharmaceutical Research” This study found that imiquimod combined with fish oil in a bigel formulation enhanced antitumor effects and reduced inflammatory side effects in a skin cancer model.
2 citations
,
November 2024 in “JAAD reviews.” This review reported that certain systemic drugs, including antiepileptics and anticancer drugs, can lead to changes in hair pigmentation, such as hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation, with varied prevalence and clinical characteristics.
July 2024 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” This study analyzed adverse event reports from the FDA database and found that drugs such as immunomodulatory agents, monoclonal antibodies, minoxidil, contraceptives, and anti-TNF drugs are frequently associated with hair loss, suggesting guidance for dermatologists in identifying common medications linked to alopecia.
5 citations
,
June 2025 in “Advances in Therapy” This narrative review reports that metformin, traditionally used for type 2 diabetes management, may offer therapeutic benefits for various skin disorders, such as acne, rosacea, and psoriasis, due to its anti-inflammatory and other beneficial properties, warranting further exploration in dermatology.
February 2019 in “PubMed” This study found that 29.4% of patients treated with methotrexate for non-hair-related conditions experienced increased hair loss, with more frequent reports among women.
November 2025 in “JEADV Clinical Practice” In this retrospective cohort study, patients using leflunomide for primary autoimmune conditions showed a decreased risk of developing alopecia areata, while those using methotrexate, cyclosporine, and rituximab had an increased risk.
101 citations
,
July 2020 in “Dermatologic therapy” This systematic review reports that "COVID toes" and other skin manifestations can be initial signs of COVID-19, and advises immunosuppressive therapy adjustments only for infected or at-risk patients.
62 citations
,
April 2002 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, sulfasalazine treatment resulted in cosmetically acceptable hair regrowth in 23% of patients with severe alopecia areata in whom a response could be determined.
38 citations
,
January 2016 in “Cell Death and Disease” This review discusses the role of the TCL1 transgenic mouse model in understanding chronic lymphocytic leukemia biology and highlights the importance of exploring new pathogenetic and therapeutic targets.
27 citations
,
January 2015 in “Current problems in dermatology” This article reviews various types of scarring alopecia, detailing their inflammatory characteristics, but presents no new clinical findings.
23 citations
,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” This review discusses rodent models of alopecia areata and suggests they are crucial for understanding the autoimmune mechanisms and potential treatments but reports no new clinical results.
16 citations
,
December 2006 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” This review discusses the multifaceted roles of hair follicles in skin health, including potential contributions to skin neoplasias, and reports no new results.
6 citations
,
January 2019 in “Medical Hypotheses” This hypothesis article explores frontal fibrosing alopecia as a potential autoimmune condition and calls for future research to investigate this possibility, but reports no new clinical results.
January 2024 in “Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine” In this case report, a patient with alopecia areata-associated nail changes experienced normalization of nail appearance and texture after 11 months of treatment with baricitinib, suggesting that the drug may be an effective option for similar cases, although further research is needed.
May 2017 in “InTech eBooks” This review discusses various types of primary cicatricial alopecias, categorized by the predominant type of inflammatory cells involved, and reports no new clinical results.
Use the least toxic, most specific treatments for skin diseases, considering side effects and individual patient needs.
July 2026 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study examined Chinese patients with alopecia areata and found significant impairment in quality of life, common use of immunomodulatory drugs and supplements, and a 72.9% recovery rate with recurrence, highlighting unmet treatment needs.
October 2024 in “International journal of medicine and psychology.” In this study, researchers explored the immunological mechanisms involved in alopecia areata and suggested that targeting immune responses, particularly using JAK inhibitors and other immunomodulatory drugs, could help achieve stable remission and improve patients' quality of life.
23 citations
,
October 2005 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This report describes the unexpected development of alopecia areata in kidney-pancreas transplant recipients undergoing cyclosporine-based immunosuppressive therapy, suggesting a complex relationship between the treatment and disease.
December 2025 in “Indian Journal of Case Reports” This case report highlights an unusual instance of azathioprine potentially triggering rapid alopecia areata and bone marrow suppression in a patient with chronic spontaneous urticaria, with improvement seen after stopping the drug.
April 2024 in “Current Rheumatology Reviews” This case report describes an 8-year-old girl with Mixed Connective Tissue Disease who experienced remission after treatment with immunomodulator drugs, highlighting the diagnostic value of anti-U1 RNP antibody testing in children.
5 citations
,
November 2011 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” This review discusses the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric alopecia, emphasizing early diagnosis and considering holistic approaches, but reports no new clinical results.
April 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences” This source reports that for treating keloids and hypertrophic scars, combination pharmacotherapy targeting multiple sites is generally more effective than using a single drug, though outcomes of individual therapies vary and the development of satisfying treatments is ongoing.
December 2019 in “Pubvet” This article discusses the diagnosis and management of allergic dermatoses in dogs, focusing on clinical diagnosis, complementary tests, and various treatment strategies, but it reports no new results.
4 citations
,
May 2025 in “The Journal of Immunology” This review explores how molecular profiling in atopic dermatitis has led to new therapeutic developments, detailing approved and potential treatments, and discusses similar advances in alopecia areata; it reports no new results.
3 citations
,
June 2023 in “MedComm” This study summarizes the role and potential applications of stem cell exosomes in skin and bone healing, highlighting their regenerative capabilities and suggesting innovative delivery methods like nanoliposomes and hydrogels to improve bioavailability and therapeutic outcomes.
1 citations
,
July 2022 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” This study found that dutasteride may help prevent enteric neuronal damage in an animal model of Parkinson's disease, highlighting its potential for drug repurposing to address neuroinflammation.
January 2014 in “IOSR journal of pharmacy” This case report identifies alopecia universalis as a probable adverse drug reaction to adalimumab in a patient with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
January 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” This review discusses the potential of Ziziphus species and its extracted oil as new therapeutic agents in drug development and highlights the need for further studies to fully exploit this species for human health benefits.