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This review outlines the transition from simple hair follicle organoids to immune-competent microphysiological systems, addressing limitations in replicating native hair follicle immune features and discussing their applications in disease modeling and regenerative medicine.

This study analyzed gene expression data to identify key genes involved in severe forms of alopecia areata, discovering four immune monitoring genes (LGR5, SHISA2, HOXC13, S100A3) with potential for early diagnosis and better understanding of the disease's biological mechanisms.

This study found that tumor immunotherapy, while effective against solid tumors, can disrupt the immune balance in hair follicles, causing follicular toxicity and alopecia, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to manage these adverse effects.

This study demonstrated that disrupting EGFR signaling in mice leads to immune sensitivity compromising the hair follicle's protective environment, but JAK1/2 inhibition can restore this immune privilege and stimulate hair growth, suggesting a potential therapy for scarring hair loss diseases like cicatricial alopecia.

This review discusses the immune roles of keratinocytes in wound healing and chronic wound inflammation, emphasizing their potential impact on chronic wound pathology and highlighting areas for future research.

This study found that biallelic mutations in the TTC7A gene affect lymphocyte and gut epithelial cell function, thereby contributing to the development of inflammatory bowel disease in patients.

This study identified somatostatin as a potential secretory factor contributing to the immune privilege of human hair follicles.

The researchers reported that red clover extract supplementation in postmenopausal women improved subjective assessments of scalp hair, skin, libido, mood, sleep, and tiredness compared to placebo.

This review highlights that the NLRP3 inflammasome is a promising therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and discusses recent advancements in using natural plant products to modulate this pathway and reduce inflammation.

This review discusses the challenges in measuring testosterone for assessing androgen excess in women and emphasizes the importance of quality control in laboratory methods, but it reports no new clinical results.

This case report describes androgenetic alopecia in two young siblings, highlighting its occurrence in children and suggesting a possible familial pattern given their mother's similar condition.

This article discusses the diagnostic and therapeutic approach for immune-mediated central nervous system diseases but reports no new clinical findings.

This article discusses the immune privilege in hair follicles and suggests that restoring its collapse might be an effective strategy for treating alopecia areata and cicatricial alopecia, but it reports no new clinical results.

This review suggests that mesenchymal stem cells' therapeutic effects might be due to bioactive substances they release, rather than the cells themselves, highlighting the potential of the MSC secretome as a novel, cell-free therapeutic approach.

In this study, researchers highlighted the high global prevalence of immune-related skin diseases like dermatitis and psoriasis, noting that females are disproportionately affected, emphasizing the need for tailored public health strategies based on sex and region.

This Mendelian randomization study suggests a causal link between higher BMI and increased risk of psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and hidradenitis suppurativa, potentially due to elevated biomarkers such as triglycerides and C-reactive protein.

This study found that a key gene signature, including FGF11, highlights the immunologic nature of keloid lesions, distinguishing them from normal fibroblasts and scars.

This article discusses adverse immune-mediated skin reactions associated with TNF-alpha inhibitors, highlighting paradoxical reactions such as psoriasis that occur despite being treated with medications intended to alleviate the condition.

This study observed no significant difference in vitamin D levels between children with alopecia areata and controls, but higher complete improvement in alopecia was noted among patients with vitamin D deficiency undergoing oral vitamin D treatment.

This study found that lower vitamin D levels were inversely associated with the severity of female pattern hair loss and patchy alopecia areata, but not with telogen effluvium.

This review reports that hair follicles are dynamic neuro-immuno-endocrine organs with intrinsic signaling pathways, which play a crucial role in hair disorders like alopecia. It highlights emerging regenerative approaches targeting these pathways for hair restoration.

Alopecia areata is linked to immune system differences, with specific biomarkers like CXCL9 and CXCL10 being key for diagnosis and potential treatment targets.

This study found a weak positive correlation between dihydrotestosterone levels and C-reactive protein in COVID-19 patients, particularly in those with low testosterone, suggesting potential inflammatory effects.

This study found that among university students, both low and high zinc levels were associated with significant hair loss, while these zinc concentrations did not significantly impact other health issues like diarrhea, acne, or weight loss.

This study provided the first proteome dataset for alopecia areata, revealing novel pathways in the disease mechanisms that may lead to new therapeutic targets.

This study constructed a comprehensive atlas of prenatal human skin, revealing that innate immune cells, such as macrophages, play a crucial role in skin morphogenesis by interacting with non-immune cells, influencing hair follicle formation and angiogenesis beyond their traditional immune functions.

This study found that TNC + fibroblasts are crucial in neuro-immune interactions in various skin diseases, particularly inflammation and tumors, by engaging extensively with immune cells and overexpressing inflammatory genes, suggesting their significant role in skin abnormalities.

This study found that squamous cell carcinomas from hair follicle stem cells are more prone to epithelial to mesenchymal transition and metastasis than those from interfollicular epidermis, due to distinct chromatin landscapes.

This study explored peripheral blood immune dysregulation in alopecia areata through single-cell analyses, identifying systemic changes linked to disease severity and key signaling roles for monocytes, NK cells, and memory T cells, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.

This article reviews current strategies and advancements in regenerating skin appendages and sensory nerves in tissue-engineered skin, highlighting the challenge of restoring skin sensations like pain, temperature, and touch to improve patients’ quality of life.