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This review explores how mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles may treat various skin diseases by modulating immune responses and promoting healing, though further clinical trials are needed to confirm their safety and efficacy in practice.

In this mini-review, recent insights suggest a possible role of type-2-related immunity in diseases like alopecia areata, vitiligo, and localized scleroderma, though whether this immune response benefits or worsens these conditions remains unclear.

This study found that topical ginsenoside Rg1 may protect skin from UVB-induced damage in mice by reducing pathological changes and modulating cytokine mRNA expression associated with inflammation and immune response.

This review discusses the potential markers for identifying and studying stem cells in the epidermis and hair follicles, highlighting their role in understanding skin disease pathogenesis and expanding therapeutic options, but reports no new findings.

2011 dermatological research found new skin aging markers, hair loss causes, skin defense mechanisms, and potential for new treatments.

This study reports that AhR pathway expression is significantly reduced in lymphocytes of alopecia areata patients, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target.

This workshop reviewed various roles of endoplasmic reticulum chaperones, including calreticulin, in cellular signaling, disease states, and potential markers, but reports no new experimental findings.

This single-patient case study reported promising results for severe, corticosteroid-resistant alopecia areata, with treatment using exosomes derived from mesenchymal stromal cells leading to almost complete hair regrowth in 12 weeks and favorable changes in inflammatory markers, suggesting potential for further investigation.

This study identified at least four distinct fibroblast populations in adult human skin, each with unique functional properties, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for wound healing and fibrosis-related diseases.

This review discusses sex and gender differences in COVID-19 presentation, treatment, and outcomes, and reports no new clinical findings.

HPV infection is linked to better survival in advanced anal cancer, higher radiation doses improve survival, especially in HPV-negative patients, and prostaglandin E₂ pretreatment can protect mouse hair follicles from radiation damage.

Alopecia areata patients have more activated T cells in their blood, which may help in developing treatments.

The systematic review reports an association between Beau’s lines and COVID-19 infection or vaccination, observing variability in onset and resolution times, and suggesting these nail disorders might indicate previous severe infection or vaccination, as well as potentially signify long COVID-19 syndrome.

Finasteride reduces inflammation and improves immune response after trauma by altering hormone levels.

In this study, researchers found that impaired cholesterol biosynthesis in hair follicles may trigger an inflammatory immune response linked to primary cicatricial alopecia, providing new insights into the disorder's pathogenesis.

This review discusses the dynamic behavior of immune cells in skin immune responses using intravital imaging in mice and reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses sex-based differences in immune responses, focusing on genetic, hormonal, and microbiome factors influencing infections like COVID-19, and reports no clinical results.

This study found that systemic administration of NDP-MSH, a melanocortin receptor agonist, provided neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease, reducing neuroinflammation and suggesting a role for regulatory T cells in these neuroprotective effects.

In this study, researchers prepared a humanized CXCL12 antibody for alopecia areata treatment, finding it significantly delayed disease onset in mice and reduced immune cell activation, suggesting potential as an immune modulatory therapy.

Hair loss may link to weaker COVID-19 immunity, suggesting possible need for extra vaccine boost.

This study identified peripheral myeloid cells as the earliest dysregulated immune cells in PINK1 KO mice with Parkinson’s-like symptoms following intestinal infections, suggesting that PINK1 regulates gut immune functions linked to early Parkinson’s disease mechanisms.

This review explores the complex role of the Innate Immune System in rheumatoid arthritis, highlighting gaps in understanding its functions and interactions with the Adaptive Immune System, offering insights into potential biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for this challenging autoimmune condition.

The researchers suggest that testosterone levels might influence COVID-19 susceptibility and severity, with low levels potentially protecting against infection but possibly worsening severe disease due to cytokine storm activation.

This study suggests that finasteride treatment may improve pulmonary immune response in mice following trauma and sepsis, indicating potential as a therapeutic option after major trauma.

This study demonstrated that in mice, the absence of Jagged-1 expression in skin-resident regulatory T cells significantly delays wound healing by reducing the accumulation of neutrophils, highlighting the role of Jagged-1 in coordinating immune cell recruitment during injury.

This review discusses the potential of using SULT1A1 expression in the scalp as a biomarker to predict response to minoxidil treatment for androgenetic alopecia, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that finasteride may improve pulmonary and hepatic immune responses in mice when administered after major trauma and hemorrhage.

This study found that multicomponent microarray patches for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination produced stronger immune responses and fewer side effects in mice compared to traditional intramuscular injection.

This study found significantly higher levels of the protein ULBP3 in patients with alopecia areata incognita compared to other hair loss conditions and healthy controls, suggesting ULBP3's potential as a diagnostic marker for AAI.

In this study, Luan et al. showed that epidermal stem cells play a key role in wound healing by coordinating the recruitment of regulatory T cells and neutrophils, which help balance immune tolerance and inflammation.