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This review integrates studies on mouse models and human clinical observations to highlight the role of immune cells in skin development and how their dysregulation leads to skin disorders, suggesting potential therapeutic pathways for skin regeneration.

In this study, IL-1α and IL-7 were found to work together to activate epidermal γδ T-cells, which in turn promote hair follicle stem cell proliferation during mouse wound healing.

This review discusses the challenges and contradictions in understanding nanoparticle penetration and toxicity in human skin, emphasizing the need for standardized testing and further research on particles smaller than 10 nm.

This review discusses the potential role of extracellular vesicles in modulating hair follicle dynamics and reports no new clinical results; future investigations may inform treatment strategies for skin disorders.

Hair graying may help prevent cancer by protecting stem cells.

This study found that interleukin-1α and interleukin-7 secreted by keratinocytes enhance the proliferation of γδT-cells and epidermal stem cells, revealing mechanisms of stem cell activation during wound healing in mice.

This review explores the diverse physiological roles of the vitamin D endocrine system, discussing current research on receptor structure, transcription details, murine models, and alternative receptors, but reports no new findings.

This review discusses the role of regulatory T cells in skin, including their impact on hair follicle regeneration, wound healing, and immune tolerance, without presenting new clinical findings.

This review summarizes the anatomical and physiological aspects of human hair and its clinical significance, but does not report new research findings.

This review discusses the multiple layers of environmental controls on hair stem cell homeostasis and suggests that targeting these layers could offer safer regenerative medicine therapies without directly using stem cells.

Langerhans cells are crucial for skin immunity and allergic reactions.

This review discusses the various roles of RANK signaling in bone remodeling, immune function, and epithelial differentiation, highlighting its potential involvement in cancer mechanisms; it reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the role of the skin microbiome in the pathogenesis of various skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, and reports no new clinical findings; it emphasizes potential therapeutic implications.

This review highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the genetic mechanisms in alopecia areata to develop evidence-based treatments, but it provides no new experimental results.

Toxic shock syndrome is caused by a complex interaction of bacterial toxins and the immune system, and understanding this can help improve diagnosis and treatment.

This essay reviews the role of human scalp hair follicles in the "brain-skin connection," highlighting their dual function as targets and sources of neurohormones, without reporting new experimental results.

This study found that human dermal γδT-cells can act as stress sentinels and potentially trigger autoimmune responses toward stressed hair follicles, resembling features of alopecia areata.

Botulinum A toxin injections reduced pain and promoted hair regrowth in a woman with a rare form of alopecia areata.

This review discusses the role of perifollicular macrophages in hair growth and suggests targeting them could be relevant for managing hair growth disorders, but reports no new results.

This review examines the role of skin microbes in enhancing the skin barrier and their involvement in skin diseases like atopic dermatitis, while also discussing current and future therapeutic strategies targeting the skin microbiome.

This study in SPF lambs found that primary and secondary orf virus infections trigger similar skin responses, but the primary infection caused a more severe and prolonged reaction.

This review summarizes the influences of lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol, and diet on the pathogenesis of alopecia areata but reports no new clinical results.

This review highlights the critical role of neuroregulation in skin wound healing, emphasizing how neurotransmitters and neuropeptides regulate inflammation, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation, and discusses potential therapeutic strategies, such as neuromodulation, to enhance these processes.

This review discusses the current and emerging methods for profiling skin microbes to advance our understanding of the microbiome in skin disease, but it reports no new clinical findings.

This review discusses the mechanisms of zinc transport, its role in human health, and the effects of zinc imbalance, without reporting new results.

This paper provides a comprehensive review of melanocytes' roles in skin biology, focusing on their pigmentation and immune functions, and suggests potential research opportunities for preventing and treating skin disorders.

This review synthesizes existing research on the multilayered defense system of the skin, highlighting how physical, chemical, immune, and microbial barriers work together to maintain skin health, with disruptions in one often leading to broader barrier dysfunctions.

In this study, researchers highlighted that PCOS involves not only hormonal imbalances but also significant changes in the microbiome and immune system, which complicate its impact on fertility and suggest potential for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

This review found that gut microbiota and exosomal microRNAs may collectively impact androgenetic alopecia progression by modulating immune responses and intercellular communication, suggesting new therapeutic possibilities; however, further research is needed to clarify these mechanisms.

Modifying gut bacteria with pro- and postbiotics may help treat hair loss.