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This review discusses the role of sex hormones in COVID-19 severity and reports no new clinical results; the authors suggest further research for gender-based personalized treatment options.

This review highlights that iron deficiency is a significant yet often overlooked contributor to the development of immune-mediated inflammatory skin diseases, suggesting that iron dysregulation may drive inflammation and metabolic imbalances in conditions like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.

In this study, selenium-rich diets enhanced antioxidant activity in aged mice, suggesting potential biological benefits, although further trials are needed to fully understand long-term risks and benefits.

This study provides a framework for understanding different types of alopecias based on immune privilege collapse at specific follicular sites, revealing distinct patterns in immune effector programs and stromal influences depending on the alopecia type.

In this study, researchers found that children with alopecia areata exhibited immune system imbalances, including increased autoimmune and allergic markers and decreased phagocytic activity, along with a higher prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis and allergic rhinitis compared to children without alopecia.

Certain immune cells are linked to non-scarring hair loss, suggesting potential for immune-targeted treatments.

This study found that patients with alopecia areata receiving combined therapy showed a significant reduction in proinflammatory cytokines and circulating immune complexes, along with increased IL-10 levels and phagocytic activity, suggesting an immunomodulatory effect that reduces inflammation and restores immune balance.

This study found that both Th1 and Th2 immune responses, along with IL-23 and IL-32 cytokine pathways, are active in alopecia areata lesions, and corticosteroid injections significantly altered these immune markers.

In this study, epidermal Notch activation increased jagged 1 expression, leading to skin changes like thickening and blistering, with these effects inhibited when jagged 1 was absent.

In this narrative review, researchers outlined the role of T cells in the autoimmune pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlighted ongoing research into therapeutic pathways, beyond current JAK inhibitors, aimed at developing new treatments for the disease.

This article reviews the traditional uses and documented properties of Tridax procumbens in medicine but reports no original research findings, emphasizing its potential therapeutic applications.

This study found that a lotion with 5% minoxidil significantly altered immune parameters and disrupted immunological balance in guinea pigs, suggesting a substantial impact on both cellular and humoral immunity.

This study suggests that decreased expression of thioredoxin reductase 1 in hair follicle cells may contribute to glucocorticoid resistance in some alopecia areata patients by affecting the intracellular redox system.

In this study, minoxidil was found to suppress the activity of normal human T-lymphocytes in vitro, though the physiological relevance of this effect remains uncertain.

This study reviews the mechanism and potential treatment roles of low-level laser therapy for immune-mediated skin diseases, reporting no new clinical results.

This review discusses the effects of valproic acid on immune cell activation and gene expression, potentially influencing infection outcomes and suggesting its promise for autoimmune and hypersensitivity condition management.

This study found that chronic UVR exposure in mice and humans leads to a permanent loss of papillary fibroblasts in the upper dermis, which is associated with changes in the extracellular matrix.

This study found that imiquimod combined with fish oil in a bigel formulation enhanced antitumor effects and reduced inflammatory side effects in a skin cancer model.

This study found that direct immunofluorescence of hair is a simple and non-invasive alternative for monitoring pemphigus vulgaris, matching skin biopsy results in the cases observed.

This study suggests that monitoring CD8+ TEMRA cells in patients with rapidly progressive alopecia areata treated with intravenous corticosteroids could help predict therapeutic outcomes.

This review discusses the extraction, purification, modification, and biological activity of polysaccharides from Traditional Chinese Medicine and reports no new research findings.

This review discusses the role of corticotropin-releasing hormone in human skin, focusing on its regulation, receptors, and functions, and highlights parallels with the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis; it reports no new research findings.

This study found that PDRN derived from Lactobacillus rhamnosus showed superior antioxidant and wound-healing properties compared to salmon-derived PDRN, while also offering potential benefits in immune modulation and bioavailability.

This review summarizes research on scar formation and inhibition mechanisms, discussing emerging therapies like gene therapy and stem cell treatments, but notes ongoing challenges for clinical application, including treatment personalization and outcome sustainability.

This review discusses recent advances in understanding gender differences in skin and their implications for dermatologic diseases, but it reports no new experimental results; ongoing research is necessary for translating these insights into clinical practice.

This review discusses the potential autoimmune pathogenesis and various contributing factors of alopecia areata, noting that current treatments remain palliative while emerging therapies offer new hope for extensive cases.

This review discusses how circadian clocks may influence diverse physiological functions beyond their established role in daily timekeeping, but it reports no new experimental findings.

This review discusses the role of transient receptor potential channels in pathological scarification and suggests these channels as potential targets for its prevention and treatment, although it reports no new clinical findings.

In this study, researchers explored the immunological mechanisms involved in alopecia areata and suggested that targeting immune responses, particularly using JAK inhibitors and other immunomodulatory drugs, could help achieve stable remission and improve patients' quality of life.

This study found that polycaprolactone (PCL) in facial fillers led to more cell proliferation and vascular activity than hyaluronic acid (HA) in Wistar rats, suggesting enhanced tissue regeneration effects with PCL.