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Particles around 100 nm can penetrate and stay in hair follicles without passing through healthy skin, making them safe for use in topical products and useful for targeted drug delivery.

Cytokeratin 19 and cytokeratin 15 are key markers for monitoring the quality and self-renewing potential of engineered skin.

Niacinamide improves aging skin and is safe for use in cosmetics.

Platelet-rich plasma might help with hair growth and skin conditions, but more research is needed to prove its effectiveness and safety.

People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.

Finasteride may cause long-lasting sexual side effects.

Giving a special protein to dogs with a certain genetic disease improved their symptoms but didn't help with hair growth.

MicroRNA-214 is important for skin and hair growth because it affects the Wnt pathway.

Thymus transplantation successfully restored immune function in infants with FOXN1 deficiency.

Pure carbon nanotubes are safe for mice, but impure ones cause immune issues and hair loss.

People with alopecia areata often have other health issues like skin diseases, metabolic syndrome, stomach infections, lupus, anemia, thyroid problems, mental health issues, vitamin D deficiency, and hearing and eye problems.

Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.

Wnt signaling helps control how brain stem cells divide and is important for brain repair after injury.

Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.

Minoxidil and finasteride effectively treat hair loss.

Phospholipase A2 is necessary for the correct placement of PIN proteins in plant roots, affecting root growth.

Clomipramine may significantly reduce hair-pulling in Trichotillomania, but more research is needed on treatments and early onset cases.

Skin problems in COVID-19 patients are rare and may be due to the body's complex immune response or blood clotting issues.

A certain smell receptor in hair follicles can affect hair growth when activated by a synthetic sandalwood scent.

Memantine may slightly improve memory in people with Down syndrome, but more research is needed.

White lupin uses specific genes to grow root hairs and access phosphorus when it's scarce.

Platelet-rich plasma may have some benefits in dermatology, but there's not enough evidence to widely recommend its use.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

Stress hormone corticosterone blocks a growth factor to slow down hair stem cell activity and hair growth.

Fat cells are important for healthy skin, hair growth, and healing, and changes in these cells can affect skin conditions and aging.

Liver transplantation is a viable option for children with propionic acidemia, improving quality of life and diet, but does not remove all risks and long-term brain outcomes are uncertain.

Hormonal treatments can help with acne but are not the first choice due to side effects and the need for careful patient selection.

The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of PCOS in adolescents is crucial for managing symptoms and long-term health risks.

Treatment of acromegaly can improve women's reproductive health issues caused by hormonal imbalances or tumors.

LGR5 helps maintain corneal cell characteristics and prevents unwanted changes by controlling specific cell signaling pathways.