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In this study, DHT was associated with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in cultured sebocytes, suggesting a role in acne pathophysiology beyond sebum production.

This review discusses the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and inflammation, highlighting various inflammatory markers, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that conditional knockout of N-WASP in keratinocytes of mice led to skin barrier defects, increased immune cell infiltration, and hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, indicating its crucial role in skin homeostasis.

This study found that polyomavirus large T-immortalized rat dermal papilla cells retain hair-inductive ability and provide a viable model for studying hair growth and cytokine expression.

This review discusses how recent studies use models and experiments to understand immune system signaling, but it reports no new clinical findings; the authors suggest strategies for improving these models.

This study found that anthralin and mechlorethamine were the most effective therapies among those tested in AA-affected rodent models, providing a basis for further analysis of their mechanisms in Alopecia Areata.

This review explores the role of neutrophil recruitment in the inflammation seen in hidradenitis suppurativa and emphasizes potential therapeutic targets within these pathways, but it reports no new clinical results.

In this study, rice bran mineral extract increased expression of anagen-related proteins and decreased inflammatory markers in human dermal papilla cells, suggesting potential for hair growth enhancement and prevention of hair loss.

This review reports no new results but highlights the secretory function of keratinocytes, focusing on how various secretions, notably growth factors, impact stem cell differentiation into keratinocytes.

This study explored the mechanism of Shaoyao Gancao decoction in treating alopecia areata and found that it may be closely related to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

This study found that while all hair removal techniques increased axillary erythema and skin dryness, shaving caused less erythema but more dryness than plucking or waxing, without affecting post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation or other skin properties.

This abstract discusses the role of advanced glycation end-products in aging-related skin damage, but does not provide new findings on their impact on alopecia.

In this study, researchers found that cytokine dysregulation linked to genetic background is present in both patients and healthy but genetically related individuals in two autoimmune skin diseases, Pemphigus vulgaris and Alopecia areata, suggesting that protective immune mechanisms may prevent disease manifestation in predisposed individuals.

This article reviews the genetic and androgenic factors influencing the development of androgenetic alopecia and reports no new findings; the authors highlight a need for further research into the underlying mechanisms.

In this study assessing post-menopausal Asian women, distinct shifts in Malassezia species prevalence on the skin were linked to increased inflammation and impaired skin barrier function, potentially driving disorders like psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis.

This review outlines the proposed theories behind the development of alopecia areata, emphasizing the autoimmune process involving lost immune privilege in hair follicles, and stresses the need to pinpoint specific pathogenic mechanisms for potential treatments.

Acne is linked to inflammation and insulin resistance, and is associated with various syndromes that require different treatments.

Higher levels of IL-1a and IL-1RA were found in severe alopecia areata cases.

Anti-IL-1 treatments might help with certain types of hair loss in people with high inflammation.

Blocking IL-1 could help treat some hair loss conditions; alopecia affects liver detox systems; spironolactone is better than finasteride for female hair growth; focusing on the catagen hair phase could lead to new alopecia treatments.

This article reviews new drug combinations and unique agents for rheumatoid arthritis but reports no clinical results; the authors highlight several promising compounds awaiting approval.

2011 dermatological research found new skin aging markers, hair loss causes, skin defense mechanisms, and potential for new treatments.

This review discusses the role of keratinocytes in hidradenitis suppurativa, highlighting their genetic and metabolic influences on disease progression without presenting new clinical results.

In this animal study, researchers found that the simultaneous deletion of ERBB2 and ERBB3 in mice results in impaired skin differentiation, inflammation, and sebaceous gland alteration, leading to skin lesions, while highlighting potential side effects in cancer therapies targeting these receptors.

This study found that proretinal nanoparticles, applied topically, are safe and effective for penetration into hair follicles, enhancing retinoid biological activity in the skin while reducing irritation compared to conventional retinal formulations.

This study found that IL-1 alpha inhibits the growth of cultured human hair follicles and hair fibers, suggesting a potential role in inflammatory hair loss conditions like alopecia areata.

IL-1 receptor absence in mice leads to skin cysts and changes in immune response after UVB exposure.

This study found that blocking interleukin-3 improved lupus nephritis symptoms in MRL/Ipr mice, suggesting IL-3 may play a role in the disease's progression.

This review discusses the significance of IL-1 family cytokines in skin inflammation and pathology, emphasizing their interactions with microbes and potential therapeutic applications, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that interleukin-1 directly induces the expression of keratin 6 in keratinocytes, which is a marker of activation and involved in inflammatory skin responses.