January 2024 in “Journal of Crohn's and colitis” This study reports that JAK inhibitors were effective in inducing remission in ulcerative colitis patients and presented an acceptable safety profile with a range of manageable side effects.
November 2025 in “SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine” In this phase 3 trial, baricitinib showed effectiveness and safety in both adolescents and adults with severe alopecia areata, with adolescents achieving higher response rates despite more severe baseline conditions, suggesting the advantages of early treatment.
49 citations
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November 1984 in “JAMA” This case report describes a 61-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome who experienced multiple episodes of aseptic meningitis linked to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim use.
4 citations
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November 1984 in “JAMA” This case report describes a 61-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome who experienced multiple episodes of aseptic meningitis linked to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim use.
4 citations
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September 2024 in “Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia” In this study, researchers reported that compounds from Bruguiera gymnorhiza leaves showed anti-inflammatory potential in in silico analyses, with favorable drug properties and specific binding to the IKKβ receptor, suggesting possible development into anti-inflammatory drugs.
January 2021 in “International Journal of Advanced Research in Medicine” This study observed that propranolol, flunarizine, and divalproex sodium were equally effective in managing migraine across a three-month period in a group of 84 patients, with various side effects noted among the drug groups.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that the oral IRAK4-inhibitors BAY 1834845 and BAY 1830839 reduced skin inflammation and systemic inflammatory responses in healthy volunteers, showing similar pharmacodynamic effects to prednisolone when challenged with topical imiquimod and intravenous LPS.
15 citations
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March 2007 in “Hormones and Behavior” Finasteride boosts morphine's pain relief, stops tolerance, and reduces withdrawal in rats.
11 citations
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September 2008 in “European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics” Finasteride helps reduce pain and inflammation in animals.
March 2020 in “Section 5: Patient safety and quality assurance” This study found that tofacitinib and baricitinib had an acceptable adverse reaction profile when used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, with similar side effects to those described in their technical data sheets.
August 1994 in “Drugs & Therapy Perspectives” The document concludes that H2-antagonists and proton pump inhibitors are highly effective for ulcers, eradicating Helicobacter pylori is important to prevent recurrence, and misoprostol helps with NSAID-related ulcers.
November 2025 in “Mendeley Data” This study found that tofacitinib and baricitinib, when administered with unorthodox weight-stratified dosing in pediatric patients with moderate-to-severe AA, showed comparable efficacy and tolerability, though baricitinib's efficacy decreased with non-standard dosing.
June 2023 in “Fundamental & clinical pharmacology” This research highlights that while JAK inhibitors are effective for various inflammatory conditions, studies raise concerns about increased risks of venous and arterial thromboembolism, and cancer, particularly with tofacitinib and baricitinib, leading to European guidelines recommending caution in high-risk patients.
February 2020 in “Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine” Finasteride and GIZh-72 reduce inflammation, with GIZh-72 being more effective.
2 citations
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January 2022 in “BioMed Research International” This study suggests that Gujian oral liquid may reduce osteoarthritis symptoms by regulating inflammation and catabolism through the TNF-α/NF-kappa B signaling pathway, as confirmed by both in vivo and in vitro experiments.
March 2005 in “European Urology Supplements”
November 2025 in “Mendeley Data” In this study, tofacitinib and baricitinib showed comparable efficacy and tolerability under unorthodox weight-stratified dosing in pediatric patients with moderate-to-severe alopecia areata over 24 weeks; however, the unorthodox baricitinib regimen yielded a lower effectiveness in severe cases, emphasizing the importance of adherence to guideline-recommended dosing.
1 citations
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May 2021 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” This medical case report describes a 69-year-old man's diagnosis and management of ANCA-associated vasculitis leading to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, ultimately treated with glucocorticoids and rituximab.
79 citations
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September 2018 in “Dermatologic therapy” This study found that treatment with oral tofacitinib, alone or with other therapies, was associated with clinical improvement in most patients with recalcitrant lichen planopilaris.
In this case study, a patient with refractory oral lichen planus experienced marked improvement within one month of daily treatment with baricitinib, contributing to the evidence supporting the use of JAK inhibitors for lichen planus.
44 citations
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June 2015 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” This study found that betulinic acid inhibits hepatitis C virus replication by suppressing the NF-κB- and ERK1/2-mediated COX-2 pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic supplement.
September 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” In this study, dose-response modeling predicted that once-daily abrocitinib doses of 100 mg and 200 mg may provide a clinically meaningful response in treating moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis compared to placebo.
December 2023 in “Natural product research” This study found that compound 4 from Urtica triangularis subsp. pinnatifida exhibited stronger anti-BPH activity against BPH-1 cells with an IC50 of 79.75 μM compared to finasteride's IC50 of 91.8 μM, while compounds 1, 2, and 5 showed moderate activity.
1 citations
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January 2022 in “Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging” Levofloxacin and metronidazole reduce inflammation and speed up healing in gingival wounds.
October 2023 in “The Open Dermatology Journal” Baricitinib is effective for severe alopecia areata with manageable side effects, mainly upper respiratory infections.
6 citations
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August 2017 in “Physiological Research” This study suggests that setipiprant's inhibitory effect on aldose reductase may contribute to its anti-inflammatory properties, adding a possible mechanism beyond its known action on the prostaglandin D2 receptor.
74 citations
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February 2011 in “Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain” This article reviews acute and prophylactic treatments for cluster headaches, highlighting sumatriptan injections, oxygen therapy, and verapamil as effective options, but reports no new clinical results.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that adults with atopic dermatitis who were treated with baricitinib at doses of 2mg or 4mg experienced significant improvements in work productivity, potentially leading to substantial indirect cost savings for employers over 16 weeks.
January 2025 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications” In this research, topical gels using natural mucilages from okra and hibiscus were successfully formulated to deliver diclofenac diethylamine, with hibiscus mucilage at 10% showing the best performance as a gelling agent based on various physicochemical tests.
3 citations
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May 2023 in “Clinical drug investigation” This study reviewed the safety of JAK inhibitors for alopecia areata, finding that common side effects included headache and acne, with varying risks for respiratory infections and no increased risk of serious adverse events.