Search

everythingexperts & clinicslearnfaqsresearchcommunity

for

Search:↓

This article discusses the role of suction-assisted lipectomy (SAL) and the hCG method in obesity management, highlighting the speculative benefits of hCG but reporting no new clinical findings.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

This study concluded that qiviut cortisol can be used as a measure of HPA axis activity in muskoxen, with hair growth phase and body region affecting cortisol levels.

In this case study, a 68-year-old woman was diagnosed with central diabetes insipidus and hypothalamic hypopituitarism due to a Rathke's cleft cyst.

In this study, patients with alopecia areata showed altered hypothalamic activity and connectivity, which may be linked to the neurophysiological basis of psychological stress experienced by these patients, as assessed by functional MRI and correlated with neuropsychological evaluations.

This case report describes a boy with hypothalamic hamartoma experiencing pubertas precox and gelastic seizures, where leuprorelin therapy's effect on pubertas precox was controversial, but valproic acid effectively managed gelastic seizures.

This study found that LepRb neurons in the brain are important targets for androgen action and influence sex-specific differences in reproductive and metabolic regulation, implicating them in conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome.

In this study, germ-free male mice showed altered levels of certain neuroactive steroids in the brain and periphery, suggesting microbiota may influence neuroendocrine pathways that support brain functioning.

This hypothesis paper suggests that PCOS may result from genetically determined ovarian hypersecretion of androgens, influencing hormone regulation and insulin resistance, with obesity further affecting its severity; no new clinical results are reported.

In this study, researchers examined androgen receptor activity in the adult mouse brain and found specific expression in key brain areas, which could inform understanding of cognitive side effects in humans undergoing androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.

This study found that restoring hypothalamic NPY levels in mice delayed aging-related characteristics such as fat loss, hair loss, and memory decline, suggesting that maintaining these levels could be important for counteracting aging and its effects.

This review discusses sex differences in the neuroendocrine response to stress, focusing primarily on rodent studies, and highlights open questions about the roles of gonadal hormones and sex chromosomes.

This article reviews the coordination of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, male fertility, and therapies for hypogonadism, but reports no new clinical findings.

This study found that sex differences in somatostatin biosynthesis in rat hypothalamic neurons develop between postnatal day 1 and 5, influenced by the conversion of testosterone to estrogen.

This study observed that electro-acupuncture reduced global DNA methylation and DNMT3b expression in a PCOS-like rat model, suggesting a role of hypothalamic DNA methylation in PCOS development and treatment.

This review discusses the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea in adolescent girls and reports no new clinical results.

This study suggests that chronic stress can lead to decreased skin pigmentation in mice by disrupting the skin's HPA axis, potentially making stress a risk factor for depigmentation.

This study found that finasteride has selective effects on oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase activity in different brain regions in rats with thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy.

This study found that while the global incidence of alopecia areata in individuals aged 0–19 declined from 1990-2021, the total number of cases rose, with higher burdens among females, adolescents, and low-SDI populations, particularly in Central Sub-Saharan Africa; disparities suggest a need for targeted interventions.

This study observed that boxer and labrador dogs showed seasonal variations in hair follicle cycles linked to temperature and photoperiod, differing from schnauzers.

This study reported that 12% of female Qassim University students had been diagnosed with PCOS, with misconceptions about the condition and treatments observed despite high awareness.

This study found that long-term use of difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion in dogs can lead to HPA axis suppression and potentially cause iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism, with localized alopecia suspected due to dermal absorption.

The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.

This study demonstrated that stress-derived neurosteroid THDOC shifts from inhibiting to activating the HPA axis under stress, presenting potential therapeutic targets for stress-related disorders.

This study found that thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors are functionally expressed in various skin cells, implying potential physiological and pathological roles in skin, especially in conditions like autoimmune diseases.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

This study found that cocaine disrupted the relationship between certain brain androgen levels and sexual behavior in male rats, with dose-dependent effects on testosterone metabolism.

This chapter discusses the role of hormones in regulating reproductive biology and outlines how the endocrine system, particularly the brain and pituitary gland, controls these hormonal processes.

In this review, researchers examined the concentration of cortisol in scalp hair of individuals with alopecia areata to explore its relationship with disease variables, as cortisol in hair can indicate chronic stress, which may impact alopecia areata pathogenesis.