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Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Apple polyphenol, especially oligomeric procyanidins, can reduce fat absorption and lower blood fat levels.

Vitamin D receptor interacts with certain dietary components to help prevent diseases and regulate hair growth.

Niosomes improve minoxidil skin delivery for hair loss treatment.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.

Hair follicles help absorb and store topical compounds, aiding targeted drug delivery.

Lecithin organogels could be good for applying drugs to the skin because they are stable, safe, and can improve drug absorption.

A gene called APCDD1, which controls hair growth, is found to be faulty in a type of hair loss called hereditary hypotrichosis simplex.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Liposomal systems show promise for delivering drugs through the skin but face challenges like high costs and stability issues.

Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.

Researchers developed promising agents for prostate cancer imaging, with the best one showing high potential for clinical use.

The document concludes that adenosine receptor agonists have potential for treating various conditions, but only a few are approved due to challenges like side effects and the need for selective activation.

Hair follicles may soon be used more for targeted and systemic drug delivery.

Liposomes improve drug delivery and reduce skin irritation in dermatology.

Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.

Nanoparticles can improve skin drug delivery but have challenges like toxicity and stability that need more research.

PEVs improve minoxidil skin penetration, increasing hair growth.

Liposomes and niosomes improve finasteride delivery for hair loss treatment.

Understanding how cells die in the skin is important for treating skin diseases and preventing hair loss.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

Formyl-peptide receptor agonists could be new anti-inflammatory drugs.

The sebaceous gland has more roles than just producing sebum and contributing to acne, and new research could lead to better skin disease treatments.

Hair elemental analysis could be useful for health and exposure assessment but requires more standardization and research.

Using nanostructured lipid carriers to deliver spironolactone could improve treatment for hair loss.

Cholesterol sulfate buildup due to a genetic mutation disrupts the skin barrier, leading to the scaling skin seen in X-linked ichthyosis.

Treatments for melanin disorders exist, but more effective options needed.