January 2016 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” This study developed keratin-based hydrogels with improved water solubility and tunable properties, demonstrating excellent cytocompatibility, suggesting potential for biomedical applications.
9 citations
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January 1981 This study found that the alkaline degradation process of hair keratin using nucleophilic reagents led to different proportions of reaction products compared to wool, particularly more lanthionine and lysinoalanine residues.
31 citations
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August 2023 in “ACS Applied Bio Materials” This study developed granular hydrogels with reversible interparticle cross-linking, finding they offer high mechanical stability and enhance cell recruitment, making them promising for injectable and 3D printable scaffolds in tissue engineering and therapeutic delivery.
December 2023 in “Sains Malaysiana” In this study, researchers used in silico mutagenesis to identify key calcium-binding sites influencing the stability of Rand protease from Bacillus subtilis, potentially enhancing its application in industries like leather dehairing by improving stability and eliminating the need for additional metal ions during the process.
106 citations
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December 2015 in “Biomacromolecules” This study describes a method to create keratin hydrogels with adjustable erosion rates by mixing different ratios of keratose and kerateine, enabling controlled release of therapeutic agents like insulin-like growth factor 1.
1 citations
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January 2015 in “ADMET and DMPK” This study observed that hyaluronan's transformation into HA·3Ca and its hydrate increases drug absorption by changing its molecular characteristics, influenced by zwitterionic character and acidic pH.
69 citations
,
January 2009 in “Advances in Materials Science and Engineering” This study demonstrated that keratin can be effectively extracted from wool using alkaline solutions and that the extracted keratin maintains reactivity similar to that from other low-value sources like cattle hair.
118 citations
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May 2015 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” This study found that the pH-sensitive hydrogel HECHA13, containing isoliquiritigenin, effectively inhibited the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and showed promise for transdermal delivery in acne treatment.
35 citations
,
January 2017 in “International Journal of Food Properties” This study observed that a peptide showed higher antioxidant and metal ion chelation activity compared to its encapsulated version cross-linked in calcium alginate beads.
In this study, researchers developed de novo designed hetero-bifunctional proteins as an alternative approach for targeted protein degradation, successfully targeting BCL-xL for degradation in cells and inducing apoptosis, which may expand the range of addressable E3 ligases and disease targets.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” This study found that different polypeptides, including KP peptide and hydrolyzed keratin, can improve the mechanical properties of damaged hair under varying conditions, with reduction environments and cysteine content influencing their effectiveness.
October 2025 in “Coloration Technology” In this study, a new delipidisation method that removes over 97% of key lipids from wool rapidly and without yellowing was reported to improve wool processing and printing quality.
7 citations
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September 2020 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study investigated the effects of wool-derived hydrolysed keratin peptides on relaxed textured hair and found that mid- and high-molecular weight peptides improved mechanical strength and reduced breakage in different humidity conditions.
December 2025 in “Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry” This study found that pepsin digestion was more effective than trypsin at identifying keratin-associated proteins in human hair shafts and confirmed that trypsin introduced a bias in the analysis of protein composition that pepsin can correct.
34 citations
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April 2012 in “Molecular Biology Reports” This study isolated a thermophilic bacterial strain, Bacillus cereus, from soil that produces an extracellular protease; the enzyme effectively removed non-leather structures from animal pelts and was compatible with commercial detergents.
January 2007 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” This study found that Mf-rich-fiber in human hair underwent significantly greater degradation by proteases than Ma-rich-fiber, especially when treated with Proteinase K.
19 citations
,
March 1961 in “Nature” A fatty acid/protein complex in human hair helps protect it from damage.
18 citations
,
January 2024 in “Regenerative Biomaterials” This study developed and tested a new injectable hydrogel for chronic diabetic wounds, reporting significant improvements in wound healing through enhanced angiogenesis, epithelization, and reduction of inflammation and infection in animal models.
This study developed a directional pressure-pump hydrogel delivery platform that enhances wound healing in diabetic mechanically dynamic wounds by targeting antibacterial agents and nanozymes directly to the lesion site, disrupting biofilms, mitigating tissue damage, and supporting proper skin closure and vascular remodeling in animal models.
21 citations
,
September 2011 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” This study found that the desolvation of finasteride hydrate solvates is highly dependent on the physical environment, complicating investigations but providing insight through complementary analysis techniques.
September 2025 in “Acta Biomaterialia” In this study, researchers developed injectable micropore-forming hydrogels that enhance tissue adhesion strength and promote wound healing by allowing better cell infiltration and inducing hair follicle regeneration in skin incision wound models.
January 2009 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Panthenol is more effective than hydrolyzed protein at improving hair roughness and reducing breakage.
10 citations
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February 2018 in “Royal Society Open Science” This study found that a shampoo containing quaternized wheat protein hydrolysate can effectively improve hair recovery by smoothing and compacting damaged hair surfaces, thanks to modifications that enhance protein adherence and disulfide bond formation at pH levels typical in hair care products.
12 citations
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June 2011 in “Journal of applied polymer science” This study found that hydrophobic amino acids from egg white hydrolyzed protein and L-phenylalanine effectively penetrate deep into the human hair fiber, increasing specific contents in both virgin and bleached hair.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that human TMEM2 does not function as a hyaluronidase but is involved in regulating hyaluronan metabolism.
4 citations
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August 2014 in “Journal of molecular structure” In this study, the authors concluded that a hydrolyzed eggwhite protein treatment promoted the reconnection of disulfide bonds in excessively bleached hair, after reduction and oxidation processes in permanent waving.
36 citations
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October 2014 in “Langmuir” This study concluded that bleach treatment partly transforms the hydrophobic top layer of human hair cuticles into a hydrophilic surface with clustered cysteic acid, visualized at the nano-scale using dynamic Chemical Force Microscopy.
7 citations
,
August 2024 in “Marine Drugs” This study found that ultrasonically depolymerized ι-carrageenan from Solieria chordalis yields low-molecular-weight fractions that maintain fibroblast viability and show no cytotoxicity, suggesting potential for safe use in human medicine.
7 citations
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August 2006 in “Biopolymers” This study demonstrated that human hair shafts can be anatomically separated to obtain intact micron and nano keratin filaments using solvents like performic acid and urea.