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The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Melatonin may help with sleep issues, depression, and cancer, but more research is needed.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

Uterine transplants for transgender women are feasible but need more research.

Environmental factors, hormones, nutrition, and stress all significantly affect skin health and aging.

After menopause, women lose a lot of skin collagen, but estrogen replacement might improve skin health.

Pregnancy causes skin changes like darkening, hair thickening, nail changes, and increased risk of skin growths, most of which usually resolve after birth.

Men are more likely to get infectious skin diseases, while women are more prone to autoimmune and pigment-related skin conditions, influenced by biological and environmental factors.

Quercetin may help with PCOS symptoms, but more research is needed.

Managing oxidative stress might help treat low testosterone and related chronic diseases in aging men.

Primary care doctors should address female sexual dysfunctions to improve women's sexual health and life quality.

Using rodents for research shows that health problems in the womb can cause diseases later in life.

Menopause often leads to lower sexual desire and discomfort during sex, but treatment should be personalized and only if it bothers the woman.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.

Antiandrogens can treat female hormonal conditions, but environmental ones may harm reproductive health.

Not getting enough vitamin D can lead to health problems, so kids over one should get 600 IU/day.

Metformin lowers prolactin in women without PCOS but not in those with PCOS, where it reduces other hormones instead.

Pharmacophore models can predict liver toxicity and central nervous system toxicity, but they have limitations and specific requirements.

The human sebocyte culture model has improved understanding of oily skin and acne, and how they can be treated.

The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

Brain hormones significantly affect hair color and could potentially be used to prevent or reverse grey hair.

Mutations in the hairless gene in mice affect its expression and lead to a range of developmental issues in multiple tissues.

Excessive hair growth can be assessed by history, exam, and blood tests, and treated with medication like dexamethasone, birth control pills, and spironolactone.

Testosterone therapy and surgeries like mastectomy improve transgender men's lives and mental health with low risks and high satisfaction.

A specific gene mutation causes congenital hair loss.

Skin aging is caused by stem cell damage and can potentially be delayed with treatments like antioxidants and stem cell therapy.

Orlistat might block the body's ability to absorb thyroid medication.

Finasteride reduces response to stress and rewards, affecting behavior and mental health.

Cheap treatments for excessive hair growth in women can improve symptoms by 35-40% after one year.