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The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.

Women with PCOS often have more belly fat and higher insulin levels, but belly fat isn't the only cause of their insulin resistance.

Cyproterone acetate is effective for acne but less so for hirsutism and alopecia, with some side effects and quick menstrual cycle recovery after treatment.

Hair loss in women is genetic, diagnosed by examination and biopsy, and treated with minoxidil, finasteride, or transplantation.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

5% and 2% minoxidil solutions effectively promote hair growth and reduce hair loss, with 5% being slightly more effective but having more side effects.

PrEP for HIV is less effective in transgender women mainly due to low adherence to the treatment.

Pregnancy can cause various skin changes and diseases, with PUPPP being the most common skin condition specific to pregnancy.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and may help with baldness, but effects on sexual function and male fetuses are unclear.

Lower doses of treatments for hirsutism and acne in PCOS are effective and cause fewer side effects.

Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.

Androgenetic alopecia in women needs more research and better management strategies.

Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.

Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).

Oxidative stress contributes to hair graying and loss as we age.

Finasteride effectively treats baldness but may cause sexual side effects.

Diffuse alopecia in women may be related to androgens and iron deficiency, and basic hormone and nutrient screening is useful.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Women with PCOS and higher androgen levels are more likely to have fatty liver disease.

Most youth with gender dysphoria received hormones, had minor complications, and showed a decrease in suicide attempts after treatment.

Tiny particles from stem cells help activate hair growth cells and encourage hair growth in mice without being toxic.

Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.

The document concludes that hair is complex, with a detailed growth cycle, structure, and clinical importance, affecting various scientific and medical fields.

Lampreys have a functional vitamin D receptor that may help detoxify harmful substances.

5% minoxidil foam once daily works as well as 2% minoxidil solution twice daily for female hair growth and is more convenient.