This article discusses the issues with the name "polycystic ovary syndrome" and proposes a new naming system to better reflect the condition's complex hormonal and metabolic abnormalities.
5 citations
,
February 2020 in “Journal of pediatric & adolescent gynecology” In this study, recurrent vaginal bleeding in pre-pubertal girls was most often not linked to hormonal abnormalities, with two cases caused by foreign bodies that were resolved upon removal.
1 citations
,
October 2020 in “PubMed” In this study, nearly half of the female patients with androgenetic alopecia reported symptoms of hormonal disorders, but hormone test results did not show significant abnormalities.
16 citations
,
March 2000 in “Clinical Biochemistry” In this study, women with androgenic alopecia showed increased excretion of steroid metabolites and heightened 5α-reductase activity, suggesting these may contribute to the condition's hormonal abnormalities.
3 citations
,
August 2019 in “Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics” This case report describes an unusual combination of hypertrichosis, androgenic alopecia, and trichomegaly in a patient with metastatic colon adenocarcinoma treated with cetuximab, with no adrenal or hormonal abnormalities detected.
2 citations
,
January 2005 in “The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Dermatology” In this study, Pomeranians with non-illness, generalized alopecia did not exhibit adrenal or pituitary abnormalities, suggesting a breed-specific hormonal pattern as a potential cause rather than a functional adrenal anomaly.
1 citations
,
March 2020 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” In this study, hirsutism was the most prevalent skin manifestation among women with PCOS, and a significant association was observed between certain skin changes and hormonal abnormalities such as insulin resistance and elevated prolactin levels.
2 citations
,
September 2002 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” The GH-IGF-I axis is likely involved in the hormonal imbalances seen in non-obese women with functional hyperandrogenism.
October 2016 in “Rossiiskii Zhurnal Kozhnykh i Venericheskikh Boleznei” In this study, women with androgenetic alopecia showed abnormalities in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and treatment with metformin improved clinical outcomes.
17 citations
,
September 2017 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” In this study of women with PCOS, hirsutism strongly correlated with metabolic abnormalities, while acne and androgenic alopecia were not clear markers of biochemical hyperandrogenemia or metabolic dysfunction.
31 citations
,
September 2006 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” This article reviews diagnostic criteria and treatment options for polycystic ovary syndrome, focusing on hormonal and metabolic management strategies, and presents no new clinical data.
131 citations
,
August 2004 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” This article reviews the complex pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome, highlighting how genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors contribute to its diverse symptoms, and reports no new results.
26 citations
,
August 2008 in “Clinical endocrinology” This paper summarizes proceedings from a PCOS Special Interest Group, reporting recent advances in the understanding of PCOS follicular abnormalities, associated cardiovascular risks, and dermatological issues, but does not present new clinical findings.
85 citations
,
June 2008 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” This article proposes a hypothesis that hyperandrogenemia is the final common pathway for developing adolescent PCOS and emphasizes the importance of reducing androgen levels to mitigate risks of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and infertility in adulthood.
6 citations
,
August 2006 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” This case report describes two brothers with an unusual, possibly treatment-resistant inflammatory variant of androgenic alopecia, featuring follicular isthmic lymphocytic inflammation and diffuse central scalp hair loss.
October 2021 in “Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International)” This review discusses the potential benefits of antioxidants and growth factors for treating alopecia but reports no new clinical results.
69 citations
,
February 1983 in “Gut” This study found that untreated men with coeliac disease exhibited androgen resistance, potentially linked to sexual dysfunction, which improved as intestinal health improved, a pattern not observed in other chronic illnesses.
24 citations
,
May 2010 in “Hautarzt” This review explores various hormone influences on hair growth and loss beyond androgens, noting that clinical hormone therapies for aging may impact hair due to associated hormone level reductions, but reports no new empirical results.
August 2026 in “LUMEN ET VIRTUS” This study review reports that alopecia areata is often associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases like Hashimoto thyroiditis, suggesting targeted thyroid screening based on symptoms and risk factors may improve detection while minimizing unnecessary tests.
May 2026 in “Annals of Internal Medicine Clinical Cases” This case report describes a postmenopausal woman with androgenic alopecia and progressive hirsutism who, despite normal imaging, had significantly elevated testosterone due to a Leydig cell tumor, revealed after surgical exploration; the condition improved post-surgery, underscoring the importance of considering such tumors in similar presentations.
138 citations
,
August 2020 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” This review discusses expert consensus on PCOS, emphasizing its impacts and supporting evidence-based treatments, while recommending further research into nutraceutical benefits for managing the condition; it reports no new clinical results.
41 citations
,
July 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study observed that frontal fibrosing alopecia also occurs in men, with clinical features and areas of involvement similar to those seen in women, but often affecting sideburns and facial hair.
1 citations
,
July 2025 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal” This study found that women with PCOS had significantly higher levels of several autoantibodies compared to healthy controls, suggesting a potential autoimmune component to PCOS that might aid in better disease characterization and personalized management.
January 2008 in “Pratique médicale & chirurgicale de l'animal de compagnie” This review discusses the controversial non-inflammatory alopecia known as alopecia X, highlighting its unknown etiology and the variable effectiveness of various proposed treatments, but reports no new results.
December 2005 in “Endocrine-related cancer” This case report describes a 57-year-old woman's virilizing adrenal tumor effectively treated with the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate, which led to symptom reversal and tumor resolution.
97 citations
,
April 2016 in “Andrology” This review discusses the etio-pathogenetic factors in benign prostatic hyperplasia and their role in the development of lower urinary tract symptoms but reports no new research findings.
4 citations
,
December 2021 in “Pharmacological Reports” This study found that metformin's metabolic benefits, such as reducing fat content and improving insulin sensitivity, were less pronounced in men with early-onset androgenic alopecia compared to those with normal hair growth, possibly due to differences in systemic inflammation and vitamin D status.
51 citations
,
August 2012 in “Differentiation” This study found that penile and clitoral differentiation in mice is influenced by androgen exposure, with penile features developing postnatally requiring prenatal and ongoing androgen presence.
32 citations
,
April 1994 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This report presents the second known case of erythema nodosum without typical associated conditions, which could be linked to mycoplasma infection, although no testing was conducted to confirm this in the patient.
29 citations
,
November 2013 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” This article reviews potential causes and treatments for sensitive skin and reports no new clinical results; the authors emphasize neurogenic inflammation and cosmetic choices as key factors in managing the condition.