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The TGF-β family helps control how cells change and move, affecting skin, hair, and organ development.

The document concludes that minoxidil and finasteride are proven for hair growth, herbal remedies show promise, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness.

Methotrexate is a key, cost-effective drug for skin conditions, but requires careful monitoring for side effects.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in acne, which can be a symptom of systemic diseases like PCOS and may require targeted treatment.

Targeting the skin's endocannabinoid system could help treat skin disorders.

Zinc deficiency in children can cause skin issues and can be serious if not diagnosed and treated properly.

Anti-TNF therapy can cause a unique type of hair loss that may get better with topical treatments without stopping the therapy.

Progress has been made in skin and nerve regeneration, but more research is needed to improve methods and ensure safety.

Cepharanthine, a Japanese hair loss drug, shows promise as a COVID-19 treatment but needs more testing.

The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

The study identified and characterized new keratin genes linked to hair follicles and epithelial tissues.

Korean Red Ginseng has beneficial components that help with stress, immunity, fatigue, memory, blood flow, and disease protection.

Baricitinib is effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata.

Isotretinoin's effects and side effects, like birth defects and depression, might be due to it causing cell death in various cells.

Certain immune system proteins are important for skin healing but can cause problems if there are too many of them.

Mood stabilizers like lithium and anticonvulsants have side effects that can lead to patients stopping their medication, and managing these effects is important for treatment adherence.

Some systemic treatments work for nail psoriasis but can have serious side effects.

Human hair follicles can make and process prostaglandins, which may affect hair growth.

LED therapy is safe and shows potential for treating skin conditions and promoting hair growth, but more research is needed.

The study showed that hair follicle stem cells can maintain and organize themselves in a lab setting, keeping their ability to renew and form hair and skin.

Certain fungi and bacteria help orchid seeds germinate and plants grow better.

There are still challenges in diagnosing and treating chronic skin diseases, but there is hope for future improvements.

Male pattern hair loss caused by follicular miniaturization; early diagnosis and treatment can reduce psychological burden.

Graft-versus-host disease is a complication where donor immune cells attack the recipient's body, often affecting the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract.

Cyclosporin A helps mice grow hair by blocking a specific protein activity in skin cells.

Hair can regrow after certain stem cells are lost because other stem cells can take over their role.

Finasteride helps reduce heart issues and improves heart function.

Ablative fractional resurfacing could improve how well topical drugs penetrate the skin, but more research is needed to fine-tune the method.

Stem cells help repair tissue mainly by releasing beneficial substances, not by replacing damaged cells.

Spironolactone is an effective and well-tolerated first-line treatment for hidradenitis suppurativa in women.