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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Polydopamine is a safe, effective, and permanent hair dye that turns gray hair black in one hour.

Photobiomodulation helps reduce pain, lessen inflammation, heal wounds, and can be used in skin treatments. It also boosts hair growth in women with hair loss and may help fight microbes and prevent respiratory issues in COVID-19.

AP-2α and AP-2β proteins are essential for healthy adult skin and hair.

The skin's internal clock affects healing, cancer risk, aging, immunity, and hair growth, and disruptions can harm skin health.

Mutations in the PADI3 gene are linked to a higher risk of scarring hair loss in women of African descent.

Mutations in the DSG4 gene can cause a rare hair disorder similar to monilethrix.

Smad-4 and Smad-7 are key in hair follicle development, with other Smads being less important.

Scarring alopecia affects different hair follicle stem cells than nonscarring alopecia, and the infundibular region could be a new treatment target.

Alopecia in captive rhesus macaques is affected by season, sex, age, housing, and stress, with complex links between stress hormones and hair loss.

Endocrine therapies for cancer significantly increase the risk of hair loss.

Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.

The skin's basement membrane has specialized structures and molecules for different tissue interactions, important for hair growth and attachment.

Early onset hair loss linked to genetics and androgen levels.

Hedgehog signaling is crucial for mammary gland development over hair follicles.

Mice with LSS deficiency showed hair loss and cataracts, similar to humans, and can help in understanding and treating this condition.

DHEA may help with sexual function when used intravaginally by menopausal women but is similar to hormone therapy in other aspects and might cause more side effects like acne and hair loss.

A rare ITGB6 gene variant causes intellectual disability, hair loss, and dental issues.

Researchers found a new mutation causing total hair loss from birth.

Nanoemulgel improves hair growth and quality using finasteride without irritation.

Bald thigh syndrome in sighthounds is caused by structural defects in hair shafts due to downregulated genes and proteins.

Feather patterns are influenced by enhancers and chromatin looping, and the structure of protein complexes important for hair growth has been detailed.

No FDA-approved treatments for chemotherapy-induced hair loss existed in 2006; more research was needed.

Non-immune dermal cells dominate, epidermal cells increase after day 9, and certain immune cells persist beyond inflammation in wound-induced hair follicle regeneration.

Bovines can have rare inherited skin diseases with specific symptoms like hair loss, fragile skin, and abnormal porphyrin buildup.

Photobiomodulation therapy significantly increases hair density and growth for androgenic alopecia, but more research is needed to confirm safety.

Hirsutism is excessive male-pattern hair growth in women, often caused by hormonal imbalances, and requires ongoing treatment to manage.

DHT's role in hair loss is important, but measuring its level for diagnosis is questionable.

New treatments for hair loss are showing promise due to better understanding of genetics and the immune system.

Men with Kennedy disease have less chance of hair loss.