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The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.

Wnt1/βcatenin signaling is crucial for heart repair after injury.

The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.

The timing of when the gene Bmal1 is active affects aging and survival, with its absence during development, not adulthood, leading to premature aging.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer can cause sexual, physical, and psychological side effects, and doctors should manage these carefully.

Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.

Tofacitinib is safe and effective for severe alopecia areata, but hair loss may return 2 months after stopping treatment.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand various diseases in older adults.

Mice lacking the PPARγ gene in their fat cells had almost no fat tissue, severe metabolic problems, and abnormal development of other fat-related tissues.

Guidelines suggest various treatments for alopecia areata, but leaving it untreated is also an option as 80% cases may recover on their own.

Tiny pollution particles called PM2.5 can harm skin cells by causing stress, damage to cell parts, and cell death.

Planarian regeneration begins with a specific gene activation caused by injury, essential for healing and tissue regrowth.

The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.

Hair follicles help absorb and store topical compounds, aiding targeted drug delivery.

Laser hair removal is the most requested cosmetic procedure and has become a scientifically-based treatment suitable for all skin types.

Iron deficiency may be related to hair loss, but there's not enough evidence to recommend iron screening or supplements for all hair loss patients.

Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.

PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.

Scientists have found a way to create hair follicles from skin cells of newborn mice, which can grow and cycle naturally when injected into adult mouse skin.

Antiandrogens like flutamide are effective in treating conditions like prostate cancer and hair loss, but there's a need for more potent versions. Understanding their structure can help develop better treatments.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Calcium affects where root hairs grow, but other unknown factors determine their growth direction.

Ruxolitinib effectively regrows hair in most patients with severe hair loss.

Most women with excess hair growth have an underlying hormonal issue, often treated with medication and hair removal methods.

Genetic variation in the androgen receptor gene mainly causes early-onset hair loss, with maternal inheritance playing a key role.

The ZIP7 gene helps control zinc levels in cells by moving zinc from the Golgi apparatus to the cytoplasm.