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This study found that monilethrix in three unrelated European families is linked to the type II keratin gene cluster on chromosome 12q13, with no evidence of defects in type I keratins.

Keratins change and are modified differently in skin layers and body parts.

This study revealed that BMP5 in onychofibroblasts may play a key role in the differentiation of nail matrix keratinocytes, highlighting transcriptional similarities between nail and hair structures.

This study describes GPRC5D's unique expression pattern in tissues that produce hard keratin, with retinoic acid inducing its expression in hair bulb cells and affecting keratin gene regulation.

This study identified distinct gene expression programs in keratinocytes responsible for forming hard scales and soft interscale epidermis in chickens, revealing conserved differentiation genes similar to those in human skin.

Pax9 is crucial for proper tongue surface development and preventing skin-like changes.

This study identified and sequenced a goat hair keratin cDNA that matches closely with its sheep counterpart, showing strong expression in hair follicle cortex.

This study found that a newly identified gene, mK17n, may explain the lack of nail issues in mK17 null mice by compensating for mK17's function in the nail bed.

Keratin 17 is important for hair and nail structure and affects pachyonychia congenita symptoms.

This review discusses the patterns and regulatory mechanisms of keratin expression in various biological conditions and reports no new experimental results.

This study found that the hHa1-t protein variant, caused by a genetic polymorphism in the hHa1 gene, forms functional keratin filaments despite lacking a complete nonhelical tail domain, explaining the absence of a pathological hair phenotype.

KAP genes are crucial for hair development and show both shared and unique traits in humans, chimpanzees, and baboons.

In this study, researchers identified a novel congenital skin disorder in Chesapeake Bay retrievers, linked to a plakophilin-1 deficiency due to a genetic mutation, marking the first known occurrence in an animal species.

This study compared RNA-seq results from horse plucked-hair and skin-biopsy samples, finding that plucked hairs were enriched with hair-follicle keratinocytes, while biopsies showed enrichment for other cell types.

The researchers reported that stress-induced keratins in human skin are expressed at lower levels than those in healthy skin and are co-regulated with genes involved in differentiation, inflammation, and immunity, rather than replacing keratins of normal differentiation or indicating cell proliferation.

This study identified 53 keratins in the yak genome, predicting diverse phosphorylation sites and subcellular localizations, and highlighted strong gene expression correlations during the yak hair follicle development cycle.

In this study, oral collagen peptides increased certain gene expressions related to epidermis development and the hair cycle in hairless mice skin, suggesting potential links to hair health.

This review summarizes advances in understanding the genetic regulation of keratin synthesis in hair follicles and reports no new experimental results.

This study identified a 69 bp deletion in the KRT75 gene as the cause of the frizzle feather trait in chickens, affecting feather curling.

This study cataloged human type II hair keratins, detailing their expression and differentiation roles in hair follicles and comparing them with type I keratins to explore keratin-pairing principles.

This review discusses advances in understanding hair and hair follicle structure, gene expression, and molecular signals in hair formation, without reporting new clinical findings.

This study found that specific human hair keratins are differentially expressed in the hair follicle, suggesting a shared pathway of epithelial differentiation between hair cortex and nail plate cells.

Using a multi-omics analysis, this study identified key regulators like PLA2G12A, KRT79, and prostaglandin B2 that influence cashmere fineness, providing crucial data for understanding the molecular mechanisms behind this trait in Liaoning cashmere goats.

This study found that the hHa7 gene in hair follicle trichocytes is the first identified to have its expression directly regulated by androgens, suggesting it as a marker for androgen action on hair follicles.

This study reports that K7 expression patterns observed in mice are similar to those in humans, revealing previously unreported expression in the gastrointestinal tract, tongue, and various "hard" epithelial tissues.

This study in Gansu alpine fine-wool sheep identified two SNPs in the KRT71 gene that significantly affect wool length, with distinct expression patterns observed in hair follicles, suggesting KRT71 as a candidate gene for enhancing wool production traits.

This review discusses the complexity and genetic organization of human keratin gene clusters and addresses the ongoing need for an updated unified naming system; it reports no new clinical results.

This study found that keratin 17 expression is initially down-regulated and later strongly up-regulated by ionizing radiation in a rat model, with p53 repressing early transcription.

This review discusses the biology of hair follicles across various species and their role in fiber quality, but reports no new experimental findings.

In this study, researchers found that a high-fat diet in mice induced downregulation of certain Krtap genes in the tongue, which may be linked to structural issues or oral cancer risk, highlighting a potential connection between oral health and systemic diseases like metabolic syndrome.