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A mutation in the KRT74 gene causes tightly curled hair.

This review discusses the evolution and revision of keratin protein nomenclature in light of genomic discoveries, reporting no new experimental results; the authors propose a new naming system for future keratin publications.

This study characterized keratin-based biomaterials that self-assemble into hydrogels, demonstrating their potential to achieve hemostasis in a lethal liver injury model through specific biomaterial-receptor interactions.

This study found that the hHa1-t protein variant, caused by a genetic polymorphism in the hHa1 gene, forms functional keratin filaments despite lacking a complete nonhelical tail domain, explaining the absence of a pathological hair phenotype.

This study suggests that keratin peptide signatures in human hair shafts may potentially be used to distinguish gender and ethnicity, although further validation with larger samples is needed.

This review discusses the history and development of keratin biomaterials for biomedical uses, highlighting their biological activity and biocompatibility, and provides no new research findings.

This study establishes a catalog of human type I hair keratins and identifies their specific roles and expression patterns during hair differentiation and growth in scalp follicles.

Keratin-associated proteins are crucial for hair strength and structure.

In this study, in vitro growth of human hair follicles did not alter hair keratin expression patterns, maintaining follicle integrity and proper keratinization similar to in vivo conditions.

This study cataloged human type II hair keratins, detailing their expression and differentiation roles in hair follicles and comparing them with type I keratins to explore keratin-pairing principles.

This study reports the cloning and expression details of two new human type II keratins, K6irs3 and K6irs4, in the hair follicle's inner root sheath, suggesting a distinct functional role related to hair structure.

The research identified six functional hair keratin genes and four pseudogenes, providing insights into hair formation and gene organization.

This article reviews the challenges in studying keratin proteins and emphasizes the potential of modern proteomic techniques to advance their research, but it reports no new findings.

This study found that keratin K80, structurally similar to hair keratins, is broadly expressed in various epithelial tissues and is involved in intermediate filament formation with multiple type I partners.

Human nails contain both skin and hair keratins, each needing different extraction methods.

This study suggests that Keratin 15 expression in stratified epithelia may be regulated by two distinct mechanisms involving PKC/AP-1 pathway for differentiation and FOXM1 for basal cells, challenging its reliability as a sole stem cell marker.

This study found that a keratin film made from human hair supports enhanced cell proliferation and viability compared to collagen I, suggesting potential for cell culture applications.

This study found that Magra sheep with high-luster wool exhibited significantly higher expression of keratin genes, suggesting that increased keratin protein levels may be crucial for wool luster.

This review discusses recent advances in understanding the structural hierarchy of trichocyte keratins, including their heterodimeric structure and distinct conformations impacting hair growth, with no new experimental results reported.

Hair proteins change location and structure as hair cells mature.

This study reports that expressed mouse type Ia and type IIa trichocyte keratins were successfully assembled into intermediate filaments in vitro, while also suggesting that disulfide bond cross linking enhances their stability.

In this study, researchers evaluated the binding of keratin-associated proteins and α-keratins to human hair fibers, finding that chemical preactivation significantly enhanced binding to natural hair, while perming altered binding characteristics and increased penetration depth.

Human hair keratin can be used in many medical applications.

This review explains the genetic diversity of sheep wool keratin-associated protein genes and explores how this variation might be leveraged for selective breeding to enhance wool fiber traits.

This study observed that while X-ray radiation did not alter major hair keratin composition in mice, it decreased hair follicle stem cell markers and increased Krt5, suggesting potential as a radiation biomarker.

This study identified and characterized human hair-specific keratin genes, revealing their sequence homology with mouse counterparts and expression in hair follicle precortical cells.

This paper critically reviews recent advances in the use of keratin-based biomaterials, highlighting their potential applications in wound healing, drug delivery, and tissue regeneration due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to support cell growth.